CHAPTER 2 FUEL, OIL
AND
COOLING
WATER
1 FUEL
1)
For fuel, use
gas
oil
(with greater cetane number than 45) of a well-known and
reliable brand and destined for
high"speed
Diesel
engines.
2)
Use
of clean fuel
is
of greatest importance for the fuel system of a Diesel. Dust and
water
in
fuel do damage
to
precisionmachined injection pump, nozzles, etc.
In
filling fuel tank, take care not
to
let
in
any bit of dust and water. The refilling
of
fuel tank should be done after the operations are over.
At
regular intervals, open
drain cock on fuel tank
to
draw off settled water and dirt prior
to
starting, and
wash its interior.
2
ENGINE OIL
2-1
Quality required
of
engine oil
A high-speed
Diesel
requires for
its
lubrication better-quality mineral
oil
than
that
intended for ordinary gasoline engines.
It means
that
such oil satisfies the following requirements.
1)
To
be
stable against heat and oxidation.
By
high heat
of
cylinders,
oil
is
subject to oxidate and carbonize, and
cor.sequential collection of carbon and residues leads
to
wear and seizure.
Therefore,
oil
needs
to
contain
at
least two kinds of additives
to
improve its
stability; an anticorrosive and a detergent
that
dissolves carbon and sludge
in
oil and thus washers them away.
From these view-points, use always
H.D.
type
that
contains both,
so
is
very
favourable for the service life of pistons, liners,
rings
and metals, etc.
2)
To
have high viscosity stability against changes of temperature.
For easy starting
at
low temperature,
oil
is
required
to
be low
in
viscosity but,
after starting, be high enough
to
assure perfect oil film on
high~temperature
parts. Practically, however, a single
oil
cannot opportunity satisfy these
requirements, so it follows
that
an
oil
whose viscosity
is
less
subject
to
change
should be used.
2-2 Recommendable classes
of
engine
oil
In
view of
the
foregoing requirements,
DM
class
in
A.P.I.'s service classification
should be chosen.
As
for viscosity selection, consult the following table.
-9-
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