Single A, B Back-to-Back ..................4-14
Frequency A, B Back-to-Back ...........4-14
Time Measurements ...................... 4-15
Introduction .............................................4-15
Triggering.......................................... 4-15
Time Interval ...........................................4-16
Time Interval A to B...........................4-16
Time Interval B to A...........................4-16
Time Interval A to A, B to B ...............4-16
CNT-91(R): Time Interval Error (TIE)....... 4-16
Rise/Fall Time A/B .................................. 4-16
Pulse Width A/B ...................................... 4-17
Duty Factor A/B.......................................4-17
Measurement Errors................................4-18
Hysteresis.........................................4-18
Overdrive and Pulse Rounding..........4-18
Auto Trigger......................................4-19
Phase .............................................. 4-20
What is Phase?.......................................4-20
Resolution...............................................4-20
Possible Errors........................................ 4-20
Inaccuracies...................................... 4-21
Totalize [CNT-91(R) only] .............. 4-24
Totalize in General..................................4-24
TOT A MAN ............................................4-24
TOT B MAN ............................................4-24
TOT A+B MAN........................................ 4-24
TOT A–B MAN ........................................4-25
Applications ......................................4-25
TOT A/B MAN .........................................4-25
Totalize & Arming.................................... 4-25
Examples..........................................4-25
Voltage............................................ 4-27
V
MAX
, V
MIN
, V
PP
......................................... 4-27
V
RMS
........................................................ 4-28
Arming Examples...................................... 5-9
Introduction to Arming Examples ........ 5-9
#1 Measuring the First Burst Pulse..... 5-9
#2 Measuring the Second Burst
Pulse #1 and #4 ................................ 5-12
#4 Profiling ........................................ 5-13
6 Process
Introduction............................................... 6-2
Averaging........................................... 6-2
Mathematics ............................................. 6-2
Example: ........................................... 6-2
Statistics................................................... 6-3
Allan Deviation vs. Standard Deviation6-3
Selecting Sampling Parameters.......... 6-3
Measuring Speed ............................... 6-4
Determining Long or Short Time
Instability ............................................ 6-4
Statistics and Mathematics ............... 6-5
Confidence Limits............................... 6-5
Jitter Measurements ........................... 6-5
Limits........................................................ 6-6
Limit Behavior..................................... 6-6
Limit Mode.......................................... 6-6
Limits and Graphics.................................. 6-7
IV
#3 Measuring the Time Between Burst
Pulse.................................................. 5-11
[CNT-90XL option 28 only].......................4-29
Pulsed Signals
Frequency in Pulse..................................4-30
Selecting Pulsed RF Measurements........4-30
Pulse Width Pos.......................................4-32
PRI............................................................4-31
PRF...........................................................4-32
Pulse Width Neg ......................................4-32
Duty Factor Pos........................................4-32
Duty Factor Neg .......................................4-32
Power On..................................................4-32
5 Measurement Control
About This Chapter ...................................5-2
Measurement Time .............................5-2
Gate Indicator .....................................5-2
Single Measurements .........................5-2
Hold/Run & Restart.............................5-2
Arming ................................................5-2
Start Arming........................................5-3
Stop Arming........................................5-3
Controlling Measurement Timing... 5-4
The Measurement Process .......................5-4
Resolution as Function of Measurement
Time....................................................5-4
Measurement Time and Rates ............5-5
What is Arming?..................................5-5
Arming Setup Time ...................................5-9
7 Performance Check
General Information.................................. 7-2
Preparations ............................................. 7-2
Test Equipment ........................................ 7-2
Front Panel Controls................................. 7-3
Internal Self-Tests .............................. 7-3
Keyboard Test.................................... 7-3
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