906-0731-01-05 Rev. C ZOLL Ventilator Operator’s Guide 4-5
BPM (Breathes Per Minute) -- Timing and Rate
Management
The BPM parameter describes the number of breaths-per-minute. The selected ventilation
mode determines when this value is a setting or a measurement.
Assisted and controlled breaths are time-cycled. For spontaneous breaths, the ventilator uses
the percent of the peak flow to terminate the breath being delivered (flow cycled).
Control Parameter
The Ti (Inspiratory Time) parameter adjustment sets the inspiratory time for the control and
assisted breaths (AC and SIMV modes). For volume targeted breaths, the Ti parameter affects
the gas flow rate (the device displays Pop-Up messages when the minimum and maximum flow
rate values have been reached).
Rise Time
When PS is selected, you can adjust the time it takes to reach PIP. You can specify an index of
1 (shortest) to 10 (longest). The device uses the PIP waveform as a reference when selecting the
Rise Time for the patient.
You should reassess and readjust the Rise Time settings after the patient is placed on the
ventilator and initially stabilized. To minimize patient's work of breathing and potential for
pressure overshoots, you must take the following into consideration when setting the Rise
Time:
• Patient's respiratory pattern
• Patient's comfort
• Patient's flow demand
• Resistance (Mechanical/Physiological)
• Compliance characteristics
The Rise Time for a passive lung is driven primarily by airway resistance, and is fairly
independent of compliance.
An adult patient with high Resistance may benefit from a Rise Time setting of 3 to 4 for
optimal breath delivery. Rise Times of 8 to 10 are optimized for infants and are flow limited.
(The infant circuit is not intended for flows > 60 LPM.)
Resistance RiseTime
51
20 3
50 5
200 10
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