en05000034.vsd
R
X
Forward
operation
Reverse
operation
IEC05000034 V1 EN
Figure 10. Typical quadrilateral distance protection zone with load
encroachment function activated
The distance protection zones can operate, independent of
each other, in directional (forward or reverse) or non-directional
mode. This makes them suitable, together with different
communication schemes, for the protection of power lines and
cables in complex network configurations, such as parallel
lines, multi-terminal lines.
Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with fixed angle
FDPSPDIS
The operation of transmission networks today is in many cases
close to the stability limit. Due to environmental considerations,
the rate of expansion and reinforcement of the power system is
reduced, for example, difficulties to get permission to build new
power lines. The ability to accurately and reliably classify the
different types of fault, so that single pole tripping and
autoreclosing can be used plays an important role in this
matter. Phase selection, quadrilateral characteristic with fixed
angle FDPSPDIS is designed to accurately select the proper
fault loop in the distance function dependent on the fault type.
The heavy load transfer that is common in many transmission
networks may make fault resistance coverage difficult to
achieve. Therefore, FDPSPDIS has a built-in algorithm for load
encroachment, which gives the possibility to enlarge the
resistive setting of both the phase selection and the measuring
zones without interfering with the load.
The extensive output signals from the phase selection gives
also important information about faulty phase(s), which can be
used for fault analysis.
A current-based phase selection is also included. The
measuring elements continuously measure three phase
currents and the residual current and, compare them with the
set values.
Full-scheme distance measuring, Mho characteristic
ZMHPDIS
The numerical mho line distance protection is a four zone full
scheme protection for back-up detection of short circuit and
earth faults.
The full scheme technique provides back-up protection of
power lines with high sensitivity and low requirement on remote
end communication.
The four zones have fully independent measuring and settings,
which gives high flexibility for all types of lines.
Built-in selectable zone timer logic is also provided in the
function.
The function can be used as under impedance back-up
protection for transformers and generators.
Full-scheme distance protection, quadrilateral for earth faults
ZMMPDIS, ZMMAPDIS
The line distance protection is an up to five (depending on
product variant) zone full scheme protection function with three
fault loops for phase-to-earth fault for each of the independent
zones. Individual settings for each zone resistive and reactive
reach give flexibility for use on overhead lines and cables of
different types and lengths.
The Full-scheme distance protection, quadrilateral for earth
fault functions have functionality for load encroachment, which
increases the possibility to detect high resistive faults on heavily
loaded lines , see Figure
9.
en05000034.vsd
R
X
Forward
operation
Reverse
operation
IEC05000034 V1 EN
Figure 11. Typical quadrilateral distance protection zone with Phase
selection, quadrilateral characteristic with settable angle
function FRPSPDIS activated
Transformer protection RET670 2.0
1MRK 504 141-BEN C
Product version: 2.0
26 ABB
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