1.3 10BASE-T LAN Communications
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DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
Each device has to have a unique IP address to connect to a net-
work. If the number of devices connecting to a network increases,
it will become quite difficult to manually assign a unique IP address
to each device.
To avoid this difficulty, DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Proto-
col) is now widely used. DHCP is a protocol for assigning dynamic
IP addresses to devices on a network.
With a DHCP server on the network, when the server is enabled,
IP addresses, subnet masks, and other network settings will be
automatically assigned to the devices.
The [
Obtain an IP address automatically] option in [TCP/IP]-[IP
Address of Network
] dialog box in Windows 95/98/Me/2000 uses
DHCP.
IP Address
The TCP/IP protocol used by this instrument for LAN communica-
tions uses IP addresses to identify each device. Version 4 (IPv4)
standard IP addresses consist of 32-bit numerical values, normally
indicated as four decimal octets (8-bit values) separated by deci-
mals, such as 192.168.1.1.
Set an IP address distinct from the addresses of other devices on
the network, as with the host name.
When DHCP is enabled, an IP address will be automatically
assigned.
Subnet Mask
An IP address consists of the network address and the host
address. The network address identifies the network (subnet) that
the device is on. The host address identifies the device.
To specify the division between the network address and the host
address, an identifier called a subnet mask is used. A subnet
mask is represented by a 32-bit number. The bits for the network
address are set to 1 and the bits for the host address are set to 0.
For example, if the first 24 bits show the network address and the
remaining 8 bits show the host address, the network will be shown
as follows.
11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000
This is represented by a hexadecimal number (0xffffff00) or, as with
an IP address, by a number with decimals (255.255.255.0).
When a net mask is combined with an IP address, it is shown as
192.168.1.1/24. The number 24 after the slash shows that the net
mask is made up of 24 bits, i.e., 255.255.255.0.
Set the same subnet mask for all the devices on a subnet.
When DHCP is enabled, a subnet mask will be automatically
assigned.
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