impending failure or crash of the hard drive. The SMART drive tracks fault prediction and failure
indication parameters such as reallocated sector count, spin retry count, and calibration retry count. If
the drive determines that a failure is imminent, it generates a fault alert.
Hard Drive Capacities
The combination of the file system and the operating system used in the computer determines the
maximum usable size of a drive partition. A drive partition is the largest segment of a drive that may be
properly accessed by the operating system. A single hard drive may therefore be subdivided into a
number of unique drive partitions in order to make use of all of its space.
Because of the differences in the way that drive sizes are calculated, the size reported by the operating
system may differ from that marked on the hard drive or listed in the computer specification. Drive size
calculations by drive manufacturers are bytes to the base 10 while calculations by Microsoft are bytes
to the base 2.
Drive/Partition Capacity Limits
Maximum Size
File System Controller Type Operating System Partition Drive
FAT 32 ATA Windows 2000/XP/Vista 32 GB 2 TB
NTFS ATA Windows 2000/XP/Vista 2 TB 2 TB
Hard Drive Capacities 47
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