Glossary
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external standard A sample containing a known quantity of the component
to be quantified
Flame Ionization Detector (FID) An ionization detector consisting of a
hydrogen burner whose flame burns between two electrodes with potential
difference between them. When the column effluent gas is burned with air or
oxygen in the hydrogen flame, an increased ionization current is obtained as a
result of ionization of the solute molecules.
flow rate The amount of the carrier gas passing through the column per unit
time
Flame Photometric Detector (FPD) A detector that measures the intensity
of the light (at fixed wavelength) that accompanies the combustion of the
eluate in a hydrogen–rich flame
gas chromatography (GC) Chromatography in which a gas is the mobile
phase
headspace (HS) The gaseous space in a sealed vial above the solid or liquid
sample in that vial. The headspace is composed of volatile compounds
contained in the sample.
injection In chromatography, introduction of a sample to a column. See also
split injection and splitless injection.
internal standard A compound added in known concentration to the sample,
for example, to eliminate the need to measure the size of the sample in
quantitative analysis
matrix The main constituents of a sample other than the detected and/or
determined component
matrix effect The disturbing influence of other components of the analyzed
sample on the detection and/or determination of an analyte
menu A list of items that represent commands for the software to execute
method The parameters defined for conducting the sample equilibration and
sampling
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