Carter CT12 - 3.2 Work Principle of Excavators

SHANDONG CARTER HEAVY INDUSTRY MACHINERY CO., LTD.
42
Central
slewing
3.2 Work principle of excavators
Diesel engine changes the chemical energy of diesel into mechanical energy that is then altered with hydraulic gear pump to
hydraulic energy that is distributed to each actuating element (such as hydraulic cylinder, swing motor and traveling motor).
After that, each actuating element transform the hydraulic energy back to mechanical energy, driving the work equipment and
running the complete machine.
Movement and power transmission route of excavator shown below:
1. Traveling power route: diesel engine —— coupler —— hydraulic pump (mechanical energy changed to hydraulic
energy) —— distributor valve —— central swing joint —— traveling motor (hydraulic energy changed to
mechanical energy)—— sprocket —— rubber crawler—— starting of traveling
2.
Swing power route: diesel engine —— coupler —— hydraulic pump (mechanical energy changed to hydraulic
energy) —— distributor valve—— swing motor (hydraulic energy changed to mechanical energy)
3.
—— slewing bearing —— realizing of wing
4.
Boom power route: diesel engine —— coupler —— hydraulic pump (mechanical energy changed to hydraulic
energy) —— distributor valve —— boom cylinder (hydraulic energy changed to mechanical energy)——boom
movement
5.
Arm power route: diesel engine —— coupler —— hydraulic pump (mechanical energy changed to hydraulic
energy) —— distributor valve —— arm cylinder (hydraulic energy changed to mechanical energy) —— arm
movement
6.
Bucket power route: diesel engine ——coupler —— hydraulic pump (mechanical energy changed to hydraulic
energy) —— distributor valve —— bucket cylinder (hydraulic energy changed to mechanical energy) —— bucket
movement