The driving system structures are basically the same, which are composed of
wheels, tires and suspension.
The steering system mechanisms are the same, but when hydraulic power steering
is adopted, the power source of the hydraulic pump is different; in traditional
vehicles, the engine drives the hydraulic pump to work, while in electric vehicles,
the hydraulic pump is driven by a separate motor.
Braking system: the braking devices of traditional vehicles and electric vehicles are
roughly the same. When air braking, the power source of the air pump is different.
The traditional vehicle pump is driven by the engine. When the air pressure reaches
the set value, the pump will not stop working. When the air pressure exceeds the
limit, the exhaust valve will exhaust. The electric vehicle air pump is driven by a
separate motor. When the air pressure reaches the set value, the motor stops
working; in addition, the electric vehicle can use the regenerative braking function
of the driving motor to generate electric braking torque, which can work together
with the mechanical braking to produce better braking effect, so as to reduce the
wear on the mechanical braking, recover the electric energy generated during
braking, and achieve the purpose of energy saving.
Instrument system: the battery and motor of electric vehicles have replaced the fuel
and engine of traditional vehicles. Therefore, the instruments of electric vehicles
cancel the fuel quantity and oil of traditional vehicles and displays the information
such as electric quantity (SOC) and voltage.
Defrost system: electric vehicles cannot use the coolant to heat the air due to the
low temperature of the coolant, and can only use electric heating (PTC), which
consumes the electric energy of the power battery.
Starting system: the traditional vehicle uses a starter to start the engine. Since the
engine cannot output torque at zero speed, it cannot start with load. The clutch is
required to separate the engine from the vehicle during starting. Electric vehicles
can only be driven with high voltage, without the starting process of traditional
vehicles. In order to take care of the drivers of traditional vehicles, the starting
process of electric vehicles also follows the START gear of traditional vehicles, and
the vehicle can only be driven after a delay of one second (the instrument displays
Ready).
Low-voltage battery charging mode: traditional vehicles rely on the engine to drive
the generator to charge the low-voltage battery to maintain energy supply, and
the power generation is affected by the engine speed. For electric vehicles, DC/DC
converts high voltage into low voltage DC to charge the auxiliary battery, and its
"power generation" is automatically adjusted according to the load change.
Air conditioning system: the air conditioning of traditional vehicles is generally
driven by the engine, and its cooling capacity is affected by the change of engine
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