2-1
Chapter 2
Cardiac Functions
Title Page
Introduction.......................................................................................................... 2-3
ECG Functions..................................................................................................... 2-3
Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR).......................................................................... 2-3
Adjusting the ECG Heart Rate ........................................................................ 2-3
Adjusting the ECG Amplitude ........................................................................ 2-4
Adult and Pediatric ECG ................................................................................. 2-5
Adjusting the ST Segment............................................................................... 2-6
Simulating ECG Artifact ................................................................................. 2-7
Pacemaker Waveforms.................................................................................... 2-8
Adjusting Pacemaker–Spike Amplitude.......................................................... 2-9
Adjusting Pacemaker–Spike Width................................................................. 2-9
Arrhythmia Functions .......................................................................................... 2-10
Atrial Fibrillation............................................................................................. 2-10
Atrial Flutter .................................................................................................... 2-11
Sinus Arrhythmia............................................................................................. 2-11
Missed Beat ..................................................................................................... 2-12
Atrial Tachycardia (AT) .................................................................................. 2-12
Paroxysmal Atrial Tachycardia (PAT) ............................................................ 2-13
Nodal Rhythm ................................................................................................. 2-13
Supraventricular Tachycardia.......................................................................... 2-13
Premature Atrial Contraction (PAC) ............................................................... 2-14
Premature Nodal Contraction (PNC)............................................................... 2-14
Premature Ventricular Contractions ................................................................ 2-15
Multifocal PVCS ............................................................................................. 2-16
PVCS: 6, 12, or 24 Per Minute........................................................................ 2-16
Frequent Multifocal PVCS .............................................................................. 2-17
Bigeminy and Trigeminy................................................................................. 2-17
Multiple PVCS: Paired PVCS; Run 5 PVCS; Run 11 PVCS.......................... 2-18
Ventricular Tachycardia .................................................................................. 2-19
Ventricular Fibrillation.................................................................................... 2-19
Asystole (Cardiac Standstill)........................................................................... 2-20
Heart Block: First, Second, and Third Degree ................................................ 2-20
Bundle-Branch Block ...................................................................................... 2-21
ECG Testing ........................................................................................................ 2-22
Running a Performance Wave......................................................................... 2-22
Adjusting Performance-Wave Amplitude ....................................................... 2-23
R-Wave Detection ........................................................................................... 2-24
Setting R-Wave Rate ....................................................................................... 2-24
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