3-12 General Measurement
NOTE: When doing D trace, please set systolic starting time as the starting point and diastolic
ending time as end point. That is, by tracing the Doppler spectrum from systolic to
diastolic to calculate indices.
Operations:
1. Click [D Trace] in the measurement menu, and the cursor appears on the screen.
2. Move the cursor to the starting point to be measured and press the [Set] key to fix the point.
3. Move the cursor around the object.
Move the cursor right: draw a trace line overlapping the spectrum as much as possible.
Move the cursor left (or rotate the <Angle> anticlockwise to correct the trace line already
drawn.
4. Trace the end point to be measured and press <Set> to fix the point.
Result parameters
Results obtained from D trace are:
Parameters Descriptions
PS Peak Systolic Velocity
The highest velocity of the red blood cells crossing the
sample volume.
ED End-Diastolic Velocity
Measures the blood velocity at the end of the cardiac
cycle.
MD Min-Diastolic Velocity Minimum absolute Velocity in diastolic cycle.
Vel / Flow velocity
Average
velocity
/
The average flow velocity in the whole traced Doppler
spectrum.
TAMAX (Time Averaged Maximum Velocity):
()
ab
Tb
Ta
TTdttVscm −
∫
)(=)/TAMAX(
Where V(t) is the maximum velocity
TAMEAN (Time Averaged Mean Velocity): Obtained
by auto spectrum calculation.
()
ab
Tb
Ta
TTdttVscm −
∫
)(=)/TAMEAN(
Where V(t) is the mean velocity.
PPG Peak Pressure Gradient
It is the corresponding pressure gradient of the peak
systolic velocity. PPG (mmHg) = 4 × PS (m/s)
2