H–21
Chemistry Description and Guide
Total protein/TP
The serum total protein concentration comprises all the proteins found in the aqueous
phase of the blood. In the healthy animal, albumin constitutes the major single
component. The remaining proteins are the alpha, beta, and gamma globulins. The
globulin concentration is determined by subtracting the albumin from the total protein.
Principal reason for performing the test:
Total protein measurement may provide useful information when used in combination
with tests to investigate hepatic and renal function, the degree of hydration, protein
losing enteropathies, or gammopathies. The test is nonspecific and if performed in
isolation will be unlikely to provide diagnostic information.
Most common abnormality indicated by the test:
Impaired renal and hepatic function, dehydration, gastrointestinal lesions.
Special precautions in sample collection:
Remove plasma or serum promptly from the clot or cells. Hemolysis can result in raised
total protein concentrations.
Results obtained from the analysis of plasma may be slightly higher than serum due to
the fibrinogen that remains in the plasma.
Complementary tests:
Total protein concentration is usually determined in conjunction with the measurement
of albumin and other tests of renal and hepatic function.
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