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28 List of illustrations
28 List of illustrations
Figure 1: Sagittal power map of a sphere, r = 8 mm.............................................................................................................................. 7
Figure 2: Snell´s law of refraction................................................................................................................................................................ 8
Figure 3. Refractive power map of a sphere, r = 8 mm.......................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 4: True Net Power map calculated by two spheric surfaces of anterior r = 8mm and posterior r = 6.58 mm......... 9
Figure 5: EKR power map calculated by twospheric surfaces of anterior r = 8mm and posterior r = 6.58 mm................... 10
Figure 6: Calculation of power according to Snell´s law taking the different refractive indices and the different
principal planes of the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces into accout.................................................................. 11
Figure 7: Total Corneal Refractive Power map calculated by two spheric surfaces of anterior r = 8mm and posterior
r = 6.58mm and pachiketry........................................................................................................................................................... 11
Figure 8: Placido based topography of OD and OS allowing no conclusion regarding keratoconus.........................................15
Figure 9: 4 Maps Selectable showing keratoconus-suspicious elevations in OD............................................................................16
Figure 10: 4 Maps Selectable showing significant elevation in OS...................................................................................................... 17
Figure 11: Placido based topography of OD and OS..................................................................................................................................18
Figure 12: 4 Maps Selectable showing a form fruste keratoconus false-positive topography in OS ........................................ 19
Figure 13: 4 Maps Selectable showing a form fruste keratoconus false-positive topography in OD......................................... 19
Figure 14: Fast Screening Report showing abnormal pachymetry and elevation data with unambiguous signs of
keratoconus in OD........................................................................................................................................................................... 21
Figure 15: Fast Screening Report showing abnormal pachymetry and elevation data with unambiguous signs of
keratoconus in OS............................................................................................................................................................................21
Figure 16: Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display (version III) showing keratokonus in OD................................................... 22
Figure 17: Belin/Ambrósio Enhanced Ectasia Display (version III) showing keratokonus in OS....................................................22
Figure 18: Compare 4 Exams for postoperative monitoring of corneal deturgescence over the course of one month.........23
Figure 19: Fast Screening Report showing the presurgical condition in a case of Fuchs’ dystrophy..........................................24
Figure 20: Fast Screening Report at one month after DMEK surgery...................................................................................................24
Figure 21: Corneal Optical Densitometry showing the presurgical condition in a case of Fuchs’ dystrophy............................25
Figure 22: Corneal Optical Densitometry at one month after DMEK surgery.....................................................................................25
Figure 23: Fast Screening Report showing suspicious values of K Max (anterior surface) and anterior and posterior
elevation.............................................................................................................................................................................................26
Figure 24: 4 Maps Refractive with suspicious curvature and elevation maps of the anterior surface.......................................27
Figure 25: Compare 2 Exams showing changes in anterior surface elevation within a period of one week............................27
Figure 26: 4 Maps Refractive showing with unremarkable elevation maps and curvature map in OD......................................29
Figure 27: 4 Maps Refractive showing unremarkable elevation maps and curvature map in OS................................................29
Figure 28: Corneal Power Distribution showing normal power distribution in OD...........................................................................30
Figure 29: Corneal Power Distribution showing a markedly increased power from 2.0 to 3.0 mm in OS................................. 30
Figure 30: 4 Maps Refractive of OD showing post-LASIK ectasia..........................................................................................................31
Figure 31: 4 Maps Refractive of OS showing post-LASIK ectasia...........................................................................................................32
Figure 32: Pachymetry progression in OD.....................................................................................................................................................32
Figure 33: Pachymetry progression in OS..................................................................................................................................................... 32
Figure 34: Orbscan® incorrencly suggests post-LASIK ectasia................................................................................................................33
Figure 35: 4 Maps Selectable revealing there to be no post-LASIK ectasia........................................................................................34
Figure 36: Orbscan® 4 maps incorrectly suggesting ectasia in OD....................................................................................................... 35
Figure 37: Pentacam® 4 Maps Selectable revealing there to be no post-LASIK ectasia.................................................................35
Figure 38: 4 Maps Refractive revealing a thick cornea..............................................................................................................................36
Figure 39: HRT image..........................................................................................................................................................................................36
Figure 40: HRT image..........................................................................................................................................................................................36
Figure 41: General Overview display showing status in OS prior to YAG laser iridectomy.............................................................37
Figure 42: General Overview display 10 days after YAG laser iridectomy in OS showing improved ACA and ACD values...38
Figure 43: Compare 2 Exams showing changes from before to 10 days after YAG laser iridectomy in OS.............................. 38
Figure 44: Slit lamp gonioscopy pictures showing a narrow angle in all four quadrants...............................................................39
Figure 45: General Overview display showing a low ACV, shallow ACD and narrow angle in OD...............................................40
Figure 46: General Overview display showing a low ACV, shallow ACD and narrow angle in OS............................................... 40
Figure 47: 24-2 Humphrey visual field: full visual field in OD............................................................................................................... 41
Figure 48: 24-2 Humphrey visual field: full visual field in OS................................................................................................................41
Figure 49: Spectral domain OCT showingnormal RNFL thickness in both eyes................................................................................. 41
Figure 50: General Overview display showing a low ACV, shallow ACD and narrow angle in OD...............................................42
Figure 51: General Overview display showing a low ACV, shallow ACD and narrow angle in OS............................................... 43
Figure 52: 24-2 Humphrey visual field showing an early superior arcuate defect in OD...............................................................44
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