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Thermo King VM-405 PBBD2 - User Manual

Thermo King VM-405 PBBD2
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Revision B
June 2022
TTKK 5566443300--1188--IIPP--EENN
Installation Standards and Procedures Guide
V220 and V320 Series Units
User Guide

Table of Contents

Other manuals for Thermo King VM-405 PBBD2

Questions and Answers

Summary

Section 1 - Introduction

Objective

Describes the purpose of the guide to provide installation standards and procedures.

Defining Standards and Procedures

Explains standards are required and procedures are recommended for installation.

Important Information About This Guide

Provides context on regulations and limitations of the guide.

Section 2 - Safety Precautions

Overview

Introduces general safety, specific cautions, and first aid information.

Danger, Warning, Caution, and Notice

Defines the four types of safety advisories used in the manual.

Hazard of Explosion

Warns against applying heat to sealed refrigeration systems.

Hazardous Gases - Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Required!

Highlights toxic gas hazards and the necessity of PPE.

Risk of Injury! (Moving Parts)

Warns about keeping clear of moving parts to prevent entanglement.

Refrigerant Vapor Hazard!

Advises caution with refrigerant vapor in confined areas due to suffocation risk.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Required!

Stresses the importance of wearing safety glasses and proper PPE.

Proper Equipment Condition!

Ensures gauge manifold hoses are in good condition before use.

Risk of Injury! (Ladder Safety)

Provides safety guidelines for using ladders during installation.

Risk of Injury! (Nitrogen Charge)

Warns about nitrogen holding charge and the need for eye protection.

Equipment Damage! (Mounting Hardware)

Notes that incorrect mounting hardware can damage equipment and void warranty.

Auto Start Hazards

Warns about units starting automatically and vehicle auto start-stop features.

Refrigerant Hazards

Covers hazards related to refrigerant pressure, flammability, and gases.

Refrigerant Oil Hazards

Details PPE and handling precautions for refrigerant oil.

Electrical Hazards

Addresses hazards associated with hazardous voltage and live electrical components.

Battery Removal Hazards

Provides correct procedures for disconnecting and reconnecting battery cables.

Welding Precautions

Advises on precautions before performing welding near electronic circuits.

Microprocessor Precautions

Outlines procedures for working on microprocessor-based control systems.

First Aid

Provides first aid measures for exposure to refrigerant, oil, electrical shock, etc.

Section 3 - Required Tools

Overview

Introduces basic mechanics and special refrigeration service tools for installation.

Section 4 - Unit Installation Standards and Procedures

Overview

Defines Thermo King unit installation standards for components and vehicle integration.

Cargo Box Requirements

Specifies requirements for cargo box size, insulation, and structural support.

Installation Manuals

Guides on where to find unit-specific installation manuals and information.

Installation Templates

Explains the use of paper templates for accurate mounting and hole locations.

Unpacking and Inspecting Components

Provides guidance on unpacking and inspecting components for damage or missing parts.

Drilling Holes

Details proper procedures for drilling holes, avoiding damage to components.

Sealing Holes

Emphasizes the importance of sealing all drilled holes to prevent leaks.

Mounting Hardware

Stresses the importance of using correct grade, size, and length of mounting hardware.

Vehicle Powered Truck Units

Introduces the two available types: nosemount and rooftop mounted units.

Nosemount Condenser Installation

Details pre-installation checks and mounting procedures for nosemount condensers.

Rooftop Mounted Condenser Installation

Details pre-installation checks and mounting procedures for rooftop condensers.

Remote Evaporator Installation

Covers requirements and procedures for installing the remote evaporator.

Evaporator Installation with Pre-Installed Support Plates

Details installation using pre-installed support plates in the cargo box ceiling.

Evaporator Installation without Support Plates

Details installation using thru bolts and backer plates when no supports are present.

Section 5 - Compressor Selection and Installation Standards

Overview

Defines Thermo King's requirements for compressor selection and installation.

Compressor Selection

Guides on selecting the correct compressor for vehicle powered units.

Understand Compressor Speeds

Explains critical compressor speed parameters for preventing premature failure.

Calculate the Compressor Speeds

Provides steps and formulas to calculate required compressor speeds.

Compressor Installation

Details the general procedures for installing the compressor.

Adding Oil

Guides on the correct procedure for adding oil to the compressor.

Torque Specifications

Lists required torque specifications for compressor manifold connections.

Ground Strap Installation

Explains the importance and procedure for grounding the compressor.

Belt Alignment

Details checking belt alignment using a laser tool for proper operation.

Changing Compressor Clutch

Covers the removal steps for the compressor clutch assembly.

Setting Air Gap

Details the procedure for properly setting the compressor clutch air gap.

Liquid Injection Temperature Sensor Installation Procedures (Max Units Only)

Explains the installation of the temperature sensor for liquid injection systems.

Section 6 - Refrigerant Hose and Fittings Standards

Overview

Introduces standards for fabricating and installing refrigeration hoses and fittings.

Hose Layout and Design

Discusses determining fitting types, routing, and avoiding obstacles for hoses.

Allowing for Movement

Explains the necessity of hose flexibility to prevent leaks and failures.

Examples of Hose Designs

Shows examples of correct and incorrect hose routing and installation.

Minimum Hose Bend Radius

Specifies minimum bend radius requirements for various hose sizes.

Securing Refrigeration Hoses

Details methods for neatly routing and securing hoses to prevent damage.

Abrasion Protection

Covers the need for protection against rubbing and chafing of hoses.

Refrigeration Fittings

Introduces the three types of refrigeration fittings used on vehicle powered units.

Determining Fitting Type

Guides on how to identify the correct type of refrigeration fitting.

Determining Fitting Size

Guides on how to measure and determine the correct fitting size.

O-Rings

Specifies EPDM O-rings and their correct installation for sealing.

Tightening Refrigeration Hose Fittings

Provides torque specifications and best practices for tightening hose fittings.

Suction Line Splice Connector

Describes the suction line splice connector and its installation.

Units with Oil Return Hose

Details connections for oil return hoses to the splice connector.

Units with Jet Cool (Liquid Injection System)

Details connections for liquid injection hoses to the splice connector.

Suction Line Routing and P-Trap Formation

Explains P-Trap formation for oil lubrication and correct suction line routing.

TK 2000+ System

Introduces the TK 2000+ system for multi-refrigerant hose assembly.

Hose Fabrication Procedures

Outlines procedures for fabricating hoses using the TK 2000+ system.

Section 7 - Electrical Standards

Overview

Defines standards for connecting Thermo King electrical harnesses to vehicle systems.

Dielectric Grease

Explains the use, application, and limitations of dielectric grease on connectors.

DC Low Voltage Harnesses

Covers connecting low voltage harnesses to components and the vehicle.

Sealed Connectors

Details procedures for connecting Weather Pack and Deutsch sealed connectors.

Unsealed Connectors

Details procedures for connecting unsealed connectors, like for the HMI.

Sealed Splice Connectors

Introduces the two types of sealed splice connectors provided by Thermo King.

Heat Shrink Sealed Butt Splice Connectors

Provides step-by-step procedures for making heat shrink sealed butt splice connections.

Parallel Crimp Connectors with Heat Shrink Tubing

Provides step-by-step procedures for making parallel crimp connections.

Unit Ground Wire to 12 Vdc Negative Battery Connection

Details the procedure for connecting the unit's ground wire to the vehicle's battery.

Unit Main Power Connections to 12 Vdc Positive Battery Connection

Guides on connecting the unit's main power wires to the vehicle's positive battery terminal.

12 Vdc Positive Ignition Connection

Details connecting the HMI controller power wire to the vehicle's ignition switch.

AC High Voltage Power Cable

Warns about high voltage wiring and compliance with electrical codes.

Receptacle Box Installation

Covers requirements for securely installing the standby receptacle box.

Standby Power Cable Wiring Connections

Illustrates wiring connections for standby power cables for different voltages.

Electrical Harness Protection

Discusses the importance of correctly routing and securing electrical harnesses.

Routing and Securing Electrical Harnesses

Details methods for securing harnesses to prevent damage from rubbing or chafing.

Routing Harnesses through Metal Holes

Guides on protecting electrical wires running through metal holes with grommets.

Protective Heat Shields

Advises on installing heat shields for harnesses near exhaust system heat sources.

Section 8 - Evaporator Drain Hose Standards

Overview

Explains condensate drainage, drain pan, and drain hose function.

Drain Hose Standards

Details requirements for drain hose routing, slope, and clamp usage.

Drain Heater Standards

Explains drain heater function for preventing condensate freezing in cold temperatures.

Heater Resistance Wires

Provides guidelines and warnings for installing heater resistance wires.

Section 9 - Configuring Software and Controller Procedures

Overview

Provides a high-level overview of controllers and refers to diagnostic manual.

Controller Overview

Describes the DSR II and DSR III controllers, their differences, and firmware versions.

HMI Overview

Explains the functions of the HMI buttons and the meaning of LCD display icons.

Controller Menu

Lists the four main menus: Main, Hour Meter, Information, and Installation.

Configuration Files

Explains the necessity of unit-specific configuration files for DSR controllers.

Flash Loading Configuration Files

Outlines the procedure for loading configuration files using WinTrac software.

Section 10 - System Evacuation Procedures

Overview

Explains the critical importance of proper evacuation for system performance.

Evacuation Procedures

Details required evacuation points and recommended equipment for evacuation.

2-Point Evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station

Illustrates the setup for 2-point evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station.

3-Point Evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station

Illustrates the setup for 3-point evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station.

4-Point Evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station

Illustrates the setup for 4-point evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station.

DSR III Equipped Units with 544.xx Firmware

Details evacuation procedures specific to DSR III units with 544.xx firmware.

Section 11 - System Leak Check Procedures

Overview

Explains the criticality of a leak-free system for performance and reliability.

Testing System for Leaks

Outlines procedures for testing the refrigeration system for leaks.

Using Pressurized Nitrogen

Details safety precautions and proper handling of pressurized nitrogen cylinders.

Procedures

Provides steps for leak testing, purging, and dehydration using dry nitrogen.

Section 12 - System Charging Procedures

Overview

Explains the importance of proper refrigerant charging for optimal performance.

Refrigerant Charging Procedures

Lists potential consequences of improper refrigerant charging.

Discharge (High Side) Charging

Details the procedure for charging refrigerant through the high side port.

Suction (Low Side) Bump Charging

Details the procedure for charging refrigerant through the low side port.

Section 13 - Unit Performance Adjustments

Overview

Explains that SPR and CPR valves require adjustments for maximum performance.

Definitions of SPR and CPR Valves

Defines the functions of Suction Pressure Regulator (SPR) and Compressor Pressure Regulator (CPR) valves.

Section 14 - Commissioning and PDI Forms

Commissioning Form Overview

Explains the purpose and retention of the Commissioning Form.

Pre-Delivery Inspection (PDI) Form Overview

Explains the purpose and retention of the Pre-Delivery Inspection (PDI) Form.

Summary

Section 1 - Introduction

Objective

Describes the purpose of the guide to provide installation standards and procedures.

Defining Standards and Procedures

Explains standards are required and procedures are recommended for installation.

Important Information About This Guide

Provides context on regulations and limitations of the guide.

Section 2 - Safety Precautions

Overview

Introduces general safety, specific cautions, and first aid information.

Danger, Warning, Caution, and Notice

Defines the four types of safety advisories used in the manual.

Hazard of Explosion

Warns against applying heat to sealed refrigeration systems.

Hazardous Gases - Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Required!

Highlights toxic gas hazards and the necessity of PPE.

Risk of Injury! (Moving Parts)

Warns about keeping clear of moving parts to prevent entanglement.

Refrigerant Vapor Hazard!

Advises caution with refrigerant vapor in confined areas due to suffocation risk.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Required!

Stresses the importance of wearing safety glasses and proper PPE.

Proper Equipment Condition!

Ensures gauge manifold hoses are in good condition before use.

Risk of Injury! (Ladder Safety)

Provides safety guidelines for using ladders during installation.

Risk of Injury! (Nitrogen Charge)

Warns about nitrogen holding charge and the need for eye protection.

Equipment Damage! (Mounting Hardware)

Notes that incorrect mounting hardware can damage equipment and void warranty.

Auto Start Hazards

Warns about units starting automatically and vehicle auto start-stop features.

Refrigerant Hazards

Covers hazards related to refrigerant pressure, flammability, and gases.

Refrigerant Oil Hazards

Details PPE and handling precautions for refrigerant oil.

Electrical Hazards

Addresses hazards associated with hazardous voltage and live electrical components.

Battery Removal Hazards

Provides correct procedures for disconnecting and reconnecting battery cables.

Welding Precautions

Advises on precautions before performing welding near electronic circuits.

Microprocessor Precautions

Outlines procedures for working on microprocessor-based control systems.

First Aid

Provides first aid measures for exposure to refrigerant, oil, electrical shock, etc.

Section 3 - Required Tools

Overview

Introduces basic mechanics and special refrigeration service tools for installation.

Section 4 - Unit Installation Standards and Procedures

Overview

Defines Thermo King unit installation standards for components and vehicle integration.

Cargo Box Requirements

Specifies requirements for cargo box size, insulation, and structural support.

Installation Manuals

Guides on where to find unit-specific installation manuals and information.

Installation Templates

Explains the use of paper templates for accurate mounting and hole locations.

Unpacking and Inspecting Components

Provides guidance on unpacking and inspecting components for damage or missing parts.

Drilling Holes

Details proper procedures for drilling holes, avoiding damage to components.

Sealing Holes

Emphasizes the importance of sealing all drilled holes to prevent leaks.

Mounting Hardware

Stresses the importance of using correct grade, size, and length of mounting hardware.

Vehicle Powered Truck Units

Introduces the two available types: nosemount and rooftop mounted units.

Nosemount Condenser Installation

Details pre-installation checks and mounting procedures for nosemount condensers.

Rooftop Mounted Condenser Installation

Details pre-installation checks and mounting procedures for rooftop condensers.

Remote Evaporator Installation

Covers requirements and procedures for installing the remote evaporator.

Evaporator Installation with Pre-Installed Support Plates

Details installation using pre-installed support plates in the cargo box ceiling.

Evaporator Installation without Support Plates

Details installation using thru bolts and backer plates when no supports are present.

Section 5 - Compressor Selection and Installation Standards

Overview

Defines Thermo King's requirements for compressor selection and installation.

Compressor Selection

Guides on selecting the correct compressor for vehicle powered units.

Understand Compressor Speeds

Explains critical compressor speed parameters for preventing premature failure.

Calculate the Compressor Speeds

Provides steps and formulas to calculate required compressor speeds.

Compressor Installation

Details the general procedures for installing the compressor.

Adding Oil

Guides on the correct procedure for adding oil to the compressor.

Torque Specifications

Lists required torque specifications for compressor manifold connections.

Ground Strap Installation

Explains the importance and procedure for grounding the compressor.

Belt Alignment

Details checking belt alignment using a laser tool for proper operation.

Changing Compressor Clutch

Covers the removal steps for the compressor clutch assembly.

Setting Air Gap

Details the procedure for properly setting the compressor clutch air gap.

Liquid Injection Temperature Sensor Installation Procedures (Max Units Only)

Explains the installation of the temperature sensor for liquid injection systems.

Section 6 - Refrigerant Hose and Fittings Standards

Overview

Introduces standards for fabricating and installing refrigeration hoses and fittings.

Hose Layout and Design

Discusses determining fitting types, routing, and avoiding obstacles for hoses.

Allowing for Movement

Explains the necessity of hose flexibility to prevent leaks and failures.

Examples of Hose Designs

Shows examples of correct and incorrect hose routing and installation.

Minimum Hose Bend Radius

Specifies minimum bend radius requirements for various hose sizes.

Securing Refrigeration Hoses

Details methods for neatly routing and securing hoses to prevent damage.

Abrasion Protection

Covers the need for protection against rubbing and chafing of hoses.

Refrigeration Fittings

Introduces the three types of refrigeration fittings used on vehicle powered units.

Determining Fitting Type

Guides on how to identify the correct type of refrigeration fitting.

Determining Fitting Size

Guides on how to measure and determine the correct fitting size.

O-Rings

Specifies EPDM O-rings and their correct installation for sealing.

Tightening Refrigeration Hose Fittings

Provides torque specifications and best practices for tightening hose fittings.

Suction Line Splice Connector

Describes the suction line splice connector and its installation.

Units with Oil Return Hose

Details connections for oil return hoses to the splice connector.

Units with Jet Cool (Liquid Injection System)

Details connections for liquid injection hoses to the splice connector.

Suction Line Routing and P-Trap Formation

Explains P-Trap formation for oil lubrication and correct suction line routing.

TK 2000+ System

Introduces the TK 2000+ system for multi-refrigerant hose assembly.

Hose Fabrication Procedures

Outlines procedures for fabricating hoses using the TK 2000+ system.

Section 7 - Electrical Standards

Overview

Defines standards for connecting Thermo King electrical harnesses to vehicle systems.

Dielectric Grease

Explains the use, application, and limitations of dielectric grease on connectors.

DC Low Voltage Harnesses

Covers connecting low voltage harnesses to components and the vehicle.

Sealed Connectors

Details procedures for connecting Weather Pack and Deutsch sealed connectors.

Unsealed Connectors

Details procedures for connecting unsealed connectors, like for the HMI.

Sealed Splice Connectors

Introduces the two types of sealed splice connectors provided by Thermo King.

Heat Shrink Sealed Butt Splice Connectors

Provides step-by-step procedures for making heat shrink sealed butt splice connections.

Parallel Crimp Connectors with Heat Shrink Tubing

Provides step-by-step procedures for making parallel crimp connections.

Unit Ground Wire to 12 Vdc Negative Battery Connection

Details the procedure for connecting the unit's ground wire to the vehicle's battery.

Unit Main Power Connections to 12 Vdc Positive Battery Connection

Guides on connecting the unit's main power wires to the vehicle's positive battery terminal.

12 Vdc Positive Ignition Connection

Details connecting the HMI controller power wire to the vehicle's ignition switch.

AC High Voltage Power Cable

Warns about high voltage wiring and compliance with electrical codes.

Receptacle Box Installation

Covers requirements for securely installing the standby receptacle box.

Standby Power Cable Wiring Connections

Illustrates wiring connections for standby power cables for different voltages.

Electrical Harness Protection

Discusses the importance of correctly routing and securing electrical harnesses.

Routing and Securing Electrical Harnesses

Details methods for securing harnesses to prevent damage from rubbing or chafing.

Routing Harnesses through Metal Holes

Guides on protecting electrical wires running through metal holes with grommets.

Protective Heat Shields

Advises on installing heat shields for harnesses near exhaust system heat sources.

Section 8 - Evaporator Drain Hose Standards

Overview

Explains condensate drainage, drain pan, and drain hose function.

Drain Hose Standards

Details requirements for drain hose routing, slope, and clamp usage.

Drain Heater Standards

Explains drain heater function for preventing condensate freezing in cold temperatures.

Heater Resistance Wires

Provides guidelines and warnings for installing heater resistance wires.

Section 9 - Configuring Software and Controller Procedures

Overview

Provides a high-level overview of controllers and refers to diagnostic manual.

Controller Overview

Describes the DSR II and DSR III controllers, their differences, and firmware versions.

HMI Overview

Explains the functions of the HMI buttons and the meaning of LCD display icons.

Controller Menu

Lists the four main menus: Main, Hour Meter, Information, and Installation.

Configuration Files

Explains the necessity of unit-specific configuration files for DSR controllers.

Flash Loading Configuration Files

Outlines the procedure for loading configuration files using WinTrac software.

Section 10 - System Evacuation Procedures

Overview

Explains the critical importance of proper evacuation for system performance.

Evacuation Procedures

Details required evacuation points and recommended equipment for evacuation.

2-Point Evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station

Illustrates the setup for 2-point evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station.

3-Point Evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station

Illustrates the setup for 3-point evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station.

4-Point Evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station

Illustrates the setup for 4-point evacuation using Thermo King Evacuation Station.

DSR III Equipped Units with 544.xx Firmware

Details evacuation procedures specific to DSR III units with 544.xx firmware.

Section 11 - System Leak Check Procedures

Overview

Explains the criticality of a leak-free system for performance and reliability.

Testing System for Leaks

Outlines procedures for testing the refrigeration system for leaks.

Using Pressurized Nitrogen

Details safety precautions and proper handling of pressurized nitrogen cylinders.

Procedures

Provides steps for leak testing, purging, and dehydration using dry nitrogen.

Section 12 - System Charging Procedures

Overview

Explains the importance of proper refrigerant charging for optimal performance.

Refrigerant Charging Procedures

Lists potential consequences of improper refrigerant charging.

Discharge (High Side) Charging

Details the procedure for charging refrigerant through the high side port.

Suction (Low Side) Bump Charging

Details the procedure for charging refrigerant through the low side port.

Section 13 - Unit Performance Adjustments

Overview

Explains that SPR and CPR valves require adjustments for maximum performance.

Definitions of SPR and CPR Valves

Defines the functions of Suction Pressure Regulator (SPR) and Compressor Pressure Regulator (CPR) valves.

Section 14 - Commissioning and PDI Forms

Commissioning Form Overview

Explains the purpose and retention of the Commissioning Form.

Pre-Delivery Inspection (PDI) Form Overview

Explains the purpose and retention of the Pre-Delivery Inspection (PDI) Form.

Thermo King VM-405 PBBD2 Specifications

General IconGeneral
BrandThermo King
ModelVM-405 PBBD2
CategoryAutomobile Accessories
LanguageEnglish

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