UPLINK/WAN AND SEGMENTATION
Physically splitting a network into different function groups is known as “Network segmentation”. This is
done to improve performance (by reducing the amount of traffic on each segment) and to improve
security. It is achieved by connecting Routers together by their “WAN” or “UPLINK” ports.
If routers are connected without using their “WAN” or “UPLINK” ports, the result is a single segment:
NETWORK ADDRESS TRANSLATION (NAT)
Network Address Translation is a function of a router or firewall, which maps multiple local IP addresses to
a single public IP address. This is necessary because the number of IPv4 addresses is finite.