Keysight N5221A/22A Service Guide 8-3
General Purpose Maintenance Procedures
Error Terms
To find assemblies related to error term failures, refer to error term descriptions
in “Error Term Data” on page 8-8. Each description lists common assemblies
related to each error term. Identify the assembly and refer to Chapter 4,
“Troubleshooting.”
Performing Measurement Calibration
A calibration must be performed to allow the analyzer to calculate the error
terms before they can be used as a tool:
1. Connect a type-N cable to Port 2.
2. Perform a full 2-port calibration, FULL SOLT 2-Port. Refer to embedded
help in the analyzer if necessary.
Using Flowgraphs to Identify Error Terms
Flowgraphs are a graphical representation of signal flow through the
measurement path. The flowgraphs in Figure 8-1, Figure 8-2, Figure 8-3, and
Figure 8-4 illustrate the error terms associated with measurement calibration
for 1-port, 2-port, 3-port, and 4-port configurations respectively.
Figure 8-1 Flowgraph of One-Port Error Terms for Port 1
where:
E = Error term
Subscript:
D = Directivity
Always suspect calibration devices, cables, or improper connector
maintenance as the primary cause of an error term anomaly.
Perform the following procedure only at a static-safe workstation, and
wear a grounded wrist strap.
This is important. If not properly protected against, electrostatic discharge
can seriously damage your analyzer, resulting in costly repair.
To reduce the chance of electrostatic discharge, follow all of the
recommendations outlined in “Electrostatic Discharge Protection” on
page 1-7, when performing the following calibration.
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