CP TD1 Reference Manual V 1.44
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A typical dipole is a water molecule. Figure 5-8 shows such a molecule in the
electrical field. When the electrical field changes the polarity, the orientation of
the water molecule is changed by 180°. This rotation, along with the applied
frequency, causes the described losses.
Figure 5-8 Water molecule in the electrical field
Additional losses are known as interfacial polarization. Inter-phase boundaries
(e.g., between solid and liquid insulation material) may be charged, i.e., the
electrical field moves the charge carriers in the oil; the charge carriers come to
rest upon the boundary to the solid insulation material and create a space