10-10
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties
Measurement Uncertainty Equations
Reverse Reflection Uncertainty
Equation 10-5. Reverse Reflection Magnitude Uncertainty
Equation 10-6. Reverse Reflection Phase Uncertainty
∆S
22 mag()
Systematic Stability+()
2
Noise
2
+=
Where:
Systematic E
DR
E
RR
S
22
E
SR
S
22
2
E
LR
S
21
S
12
A
M
S
22
Stability
+++ +=
C
2
R
2
+
C
2
C
RM2
2
1 S
22
4
+()4C
TM2
2
S
22
2
C
RM1
2
S
21
2
S
12
2
R
2
++
R
R2
1 S
22
2
+()2R
T2
S
22
+()
2
R
R1
S
21
S
12
()
2
Noise
2
+
N
T
S
22
()
2
N
F
2
+
=
=
=
=
∆S
22 phase()
sin
1–
Systematic Stability+()
2
Noise
2
+
S
22
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2C
TP2
+=
Where:
Systematic E
DR
E
RR
S
22
E
SR
S
22
2
E
LR
S
21
S
12
A
P
()sin S
22
Stability
+++ +=
C
2
R
2
+
C
2
C
RM2
2
1 S
22
4
+()4C
TM2
2
S
22
2
C
RM1
2
S
21
2
S
12
2
R
2
++
R
R2
1 S
22
2
+()2R
T2
S
22
+()
2
R
R1
S
21
S
12
()
2
Noise
2
+
N
T
S
22
()
2
N
F
2
+
=
=
=
=