10-11
Determining System Measurement Uncertainties
Measurement Uncertainty Equations
Reverse Transmission Uncertainty
Equation 10-7. Reverse Transmission Magnitude Uncertainty
Equation 10-8. Reverse Transmission Phase Uncertainty
∆S
12 mag()
Systematic Stability+()
2
Noise
2
+=
Where:
Systematic E
XR
S
12
E
TR
E+
SR
S
22
E
LR
S
11
E
SR
E
LR
S
21
S
12
A
M
++ +()
Stability
+=
C
2
R
2
+
C
2
S
12
2
C
TM1
2
C
TM2
2
C
R1
S
11
()
2
C
R2
S
22
()
2
++ +()
R
2
S
12
2
R
T1
R
R1
S
11
+()
2
R
T2
R
R2
S
22
+()
2
+()
Noise
2
N
T
S
12
()
2
N
F
2
+
=
=
=
=
∆S
12 phase()
sin
1–
Systematic Stability+()
2
Noise
2
+
S
12
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C
TP1
C
TP2
++=
Where:
Systematic E
XR
S
12
E
TR
E
SR
S
22
E
LR
S
11
E
SR
E
LR
S
21
S
12
A
P
()sin+++ +()
Stability
+
C
2
R
2
+
C
2
S
12
2
C
TM1
2
C
TM2
2
C
R1
S
11
()
2
C
R2
S
22
()
2
++ +()
R
2
S
12
2
R
T1
R
R1
S
11
+()
2
R
T2
R
R2
S
22
+()
2
+()
Noise
2
N
T
S
12
()
2
N
F
2
+
=
=
=
=
=