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HEMODIALYSIS BASICS
The Fluid Monitor
The purpose of the fluid monitor is to prepare dialysate and continuously pass it through the dialyzer and out to drain.
Water is taken into the machine and mixed with acid and bicarbonate concentrates.
The fluid is monitored to ensure the concentration of salts is correct. It is then warmed to body temperature and
passed via the dialysate lines to the dialyzer.
The amount of fluid removed in the dialyzer is measured and controlled and the waste fluid is passed to the drain.
The functions of the fluid unit are:
1. To produce dialysate in the correct concentration and at the right temperature
2. To pass the fluid through the dialyzer at a continuous controlled flow
3. To monitor and control fluid removal
4. To monitor the dialysate for problems
The Dialysate
As well as removing waste products and fluid from the blood,
the dialysate corrects the imbalance of various salts within
the body.
This is achieved by adding these salts to the dialysate.
The fluid monitor mixes water with concentrates taken
from one or two canisters or cartridges. By varying the
concentration of salts in the concentrate, the imbalance
can be corrected (A and B concentrates).
Some solutes will move from the blood into the dialysate
whilst others will move in the opposite direction.
Dialysate out
Dialysate in
Blood in
Blood out
Waste products
Excess fluid
Electrolytes
Bicarbonate
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