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Page K-5

These functions are available through the CONVERT/REWRITE menu (start

with „Ú). The functions are presented in Chapter 5, except for

functions XNUM and XQ, which are described next using the corresponding

entries in the CAS help facility (IL@HELP ):

XNUM XQ

Table of Contents

Default Chapter5
- Table of Contents5
Chapter 1 - Getting Started30
- Basic Operations30
  - Batteries30
  - Menus32
- Introducing the Calculator's Keyboard39
- Selecting cas Settings54
- Selecting Display Modes54
Chapter 2 - Introducing the Calculator59
- Calculator Objects59
- Editing Expressions in the Screen61
- Using the Equation Writer (EQW) to Create Expressions68
- Organizing Data in the Calculator90
- Variables104
- UNDO and CMD Functions119
- Flags120
Chapter 3 - Simple Calculations with Real Numbers , 3-1126
- Checking Calculator Settings126
- Checking Calculator Mode127
- Real Number Calculations127
- Real Number Functions in the MTH Menu132
- Calculator Constants141
- Operation with Units142
  - The UNITS Menu142
  - Available Units143
- Physical Constants in the Calculator154
- Special Physical Functions156
- Defining and Using Functions159
- Functions Defined by more than One Expression160
  - The IFTE Function161
  - Combined IFTE Functions161
Chapter 4 - Calculations with Complex Numbers163
- Definitions163
- Setting the Calculator to COMPLEX Mode163
  - Entering Complex Numbers164
  - Polar Representation of a Complex Number165
- Simple Operations with Complex Numbers166
  - Changing Sign of a Complex Number166
  - Entering the Unit Imaginary Number167
- The CMPLX Menus167
  - CMPLX Menu through the MTH Menu167
  - CMPLX Menu in Keyboard169
- Functions Applied to Complex Numbers170
  - Functions from the MTH Menu170
- Function DROITE: Equation of a Straight Line171
Chapter 5 - Algebraic and Arithmetic Operations172
- Entering Algebraic Objects172
- Simple Operations with Algebraic Objects173
- Functions in the ALG Menu174
- Operations with Transcendental Functions178
  - Expansion and Factoring Using Log-Exp Functions179
  - Expansion and Factoring Using Trigonometric Functions179
- Functions in the ARITHMETIC Menu180
- Applications of the ARITHMETIC Menu183
  - Modular Arithmetic183
- Polynomials189
- Fractions195
- The CONVERT Menu and Algebraic Operations198
Chapter 6 - Solution to Single Equations202
- Symbolic Solution of Algebraic Equations202
- Numerical Solver Menu206
  - Polynomial Equations207
  - Financial Calculations210
    - Solving Equations with One Unknown through NUM.SLV215
- The SOLVE Soft Menu228
Chapter 7 - Solving Multiple Equations235
- Rational Equation Systems235
- Solution to Simultaneous Equations with MSLV238
  - Example 1 - Example from the Help Facility239
  - Example 2 - Entrance from a Lake into an Open Channel240
- Using the Multiple Equation Solver (MES)244
  - Application 1 - Solution of Triangles244
  - Application 2 - Velocity and Acceleration in Polar Coordinates252
Chapter 8 - Operations with Lists256
- Definitions256
- Creating and Storing Lists256
- Composing and Decomposing Lists257
- Operations with Lists of Numbers258
  - Changing Sign258
    - Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division258
- Real Number Functions from the Keyboard260
- Real Number Functions from the MTH Menu260
  - Examples of Functions that Use Two Arguments261
- Lists of Complex Numbers262
- Lists of Algebraic Objects263
- The MTH/LIST Menu263
- Manipulating Elements of a List265
  - List Size265
- Defining Functions that Use Lists268
- Applications of Lists269
Chapter 9 - Vectors276
- Definitions276
- Entering Vectors277
- Identifying, Extracting, and Inserting Vector Elements282
- Simple Operations with Vectors284
  - Changing Sign284
  - Addition, Subtraction284
    - Absolute Value Function285
- The MTH/VECTOR Menu285
- Application of Vector Operations291
- Row Vectors, Column Vectors, and Lists294
- Definitions301
Chapter 10 - Creating and Manipulating Matrices301
- Entering Matrices in the Stack302
  - Using the Matrix Writer302
  - Typing the Matrix Directly into the Stack303
- Creating Matrices with Calculator Functions303
- A Program to Build a Matrix out of a Number of Lists315
- Manipulating Matrices by Columns318
- Manipulating Matrices by Rows321
Chapter 11 - Matrix Operations and Linear Algebra327
- Operations with Matrices327
  - Addition and Subtraction328
  - Multiplication328
- Characterizing a Matrix (the Matrix NORM Menu)332
- Additional Matrix Operations (the Matrix OPER Menu)340
- Solution of Linear Systems342
- Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors370
- Matrix Factorization374
- Matrix Quadratic Forms377
  - The QUADF Menu378
- Linear Applications380
Chapter 12 - Graphics382
- Graphs Options in the Calculator382
- Plotting an Expression of the Form y = F(X)383
  - Some Useful PLOT Operations for FUNCTION Plots386
- Saving a Graph for Future Use388
- Graphics of Transcendental Functions389
  - Graph of Ln(X)389
  - Graph of the Exponential Function391
- The PPAR Variable392
- Inverse Functions and Their Graphs393
- Summary of FUNCTION Plot Operation394
- Plots of Trigonometric and Hyperbolic Functions and Their Inverses397
- Generating a Table of Values for a Function398
  - The TPAR Variable399
- Plots in Polar Coordinates400
- Plotting Conic Curves402
- Parametric Plots404
- Plotting the Solution to Simple Differential Equations407
- Truth Plots410
- Plotting Histograms, Bar Plots, and Scatterplots411
  - Bar Plots411
  - Scatter Plots413
- Slope Fields415
- Fast 3D Plots416
- Wireframe Plots418
- Ps-Contour Plots420
  - Y-Slice Plots422
  - Gridmap Plots423
  - Pr-Surface Plots424
    - The VPAR Variable425
  - Interactive Drawing425
- X,Y429
  - Repl429
  - Zooming in and out in the Graphics Display430
  - The SYMBOLIC Menu and Graphs432
    - The SYMB/GRAPH Menu433
  - Function DRAW3DMATRIX435
Chapter 13 - Calculus Applications436
- The CALC (Calculus) Menu436
- Limits and Derivatives436
- Function Lim437
- Application of Derivatives442
- Integrating an Equation453
- Techniques of Integration453
  - Substitution or Change of Variables453
- Integration with Units456
- Infinite Series458
Chapter 14 - Multi-Variate Calculus Applications462
- Multi-Variate Functions462
- Partial Derivatives462
  - Higher-Order Derivatives464
- Multiple Integrals469
  - Jacobian of Coordinate Transformation470
  - Double Integral in Polar Coordinates470
Chapter 15 - Vector Analysis Applications472
- Definitions472
- Gradient and Directional Derivative472
  - A Program to Calculate the Gradient473
  - Using Function HESS to Obtain the Gradient473
- Potential of a Gradient474
- Divergence475
- Laplacian475
- Curl476
  - Irrotational Fields and Potential Function476
- Vector Potential477
Chapter 16 - Differential Equations479
- Basic Operations with Differential Equations479
- The CALC/DIFF Menu482
- Solution to Linear and Non-Linear Equations482
  - Function LDEC483
  - Function DESOLVE485
    - The Variable ODETYPE486
- Laplace Transforms488
  - Definitions488
- Fourier Series505
  - Function FOURIER506
- Fourier Transforms521
  - Definition of Fourier Transforms524
  - Properties of the Fourier Transform526
- Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)527
  - Examples of FFT Applications528
- Solution to Specific Second-Order Differential Equations531
- Numerical and Graphical Solutions to Odes538
- Numerical Solution to Odes with the SOLVE/DIFF Menu547
Chapter 17 - Probability Applications554
- The MTH/PROBABILITY.. Sub-Menu - Part 1554
Chapter 18 - Statistical Applications572
- Pre-Programmed Statistical Features572
  - Entering Data572
  - The STAT Soft Menu586
    - The DATA Sub-Menu586
- The ΣPAR Sub-Menu587
- Determining Confidence Intervals598
  - Confidence Intervals for the Variance604
- Hypothesis Testing605
- Additional Notes on Linear Regression620
- Multiple Linear Fitting627
- Polynomial Fitting629
  - Selecting the Best Fitting633
- Definitions636
Chapter 19 - Numbers in Different Bases636
- The BASE Menu636
  - Conversion between Number Systems638
  - Wordsize639
    - Operations with Binary Integers639
- The LOGIC Menu640
- The BIT Menu641
- The BYTE Menu641
- Hexadecimal Numbers for Pixel References642
Chapter 20 - Customizing Menus and Keyboard643
- The PRG/MODES/MENU643
- Customizing the Keyboard647
Chapter 21 - Programming in User RPL Language650
- An Example of Programming650
- The PRG Menu654
- Programs for Generating Lists of Numbers662
- Examples of Sequential Programming664
  - Programs Generated by Defining a Function664
  - Programs that Simulate a Sequence of Stack Operations666
- Interactive Input in Programs668
- Identifying Output in Programs682
- Relational and Logical Operators692
  - Relational Operators692
  - Logical Operators693
- Program Branching695
  - Branching with if695
  - The CASE Construct700
- Program Loops702
- Errors and Error Trapping713
- User RPL Programming in Algebraic Mode715
Chapter 22 - Programs for Graphics Manipulation717
- The PLOT Menu717
  - User-Defined Key for the PLOT Menu717
  - Description of the PLOT Menu718
- Generating Plots with Programs730
  - Two-Dimensional Graphics730
  - Three-Dimensional Graphics731
- Drawing Commands for Use in Programming735
- Animating Graphics742
  - Animating a Collection of Graphics743
  - More Information on the ANIMATE Function745
- Graphic Objects (Grobs)746
  - The GROB Menu747
- A Program with Plotting and Drawing Functions749
  - Modular Programming752
- An Input Form for the Mohr's Circle Program756
Chapter 23 - Character Strings758
- String-Related Functions in the TYPE Sub-Menu758
- String Concatenation759
- The CHARS Menu759
- The Characters List760
Chapter 24 - Calculator Objects and Flags762
- Description of Calculator Objects762
- Function TYPE763
- Function VTYPE763
- Calculator Flags764
  - System Flags764
    - Functions for Setting and Changing Flags764
  - User Flags765
Chapter 25 - Date and Time Functions766
- The TIME Menu766
- Calculations with Dates768
- Alarm Functions769
Chapter 26 - Managing Memory770
- Memory Structure770
  - The HOME Directory771
  - Port Memory771
- Checking Objects in Memory771
- Backup Objects772
- Backing up Objects in Port Memory772
  - Backing up and Restoring HOME772
  - Storing, Deleting, and Restoring Backup Objects774
- Using Data in Backup Objects774
- Using Libraries775
- Appendix A - Using Input Forms778
- Appendix B - the Calculator's Keyboard782
- Appendix C - cas Settings795
- Appendix D Additional Character Set809
- Appendix E - the Selection Tree in the Equation Writer812
- Appendix F - the Applications (APPS) Menu816
- Appendix G - Useful Shortcuts822
- Appendix H - the cas Help Facility825
- Appendix I - Command Catalog List827
- Appendix J - the MATHS Menu828
- Appendix K - the MAIN Menu831
- Appendix L - Line Editor Commands836
- Appendix M Index841
  - String Concatenation857
Limited Warranty861
Service862
Regulatory Information864

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