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IBM Midrange System DS4000 Series User Manual

IBM Midrange System DS4000 Series
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114 IBM Midrange System Storage Hardware Guide
4.1.2 Logical drives and controller ownership
Logical drives, sometimes simply referred to as volumes or LUNs (LUN stands for Logical
Unit Number and represents the number a host uses to access the logical drive), are the
logical segmentation of arrays. A logical drive is a logical structure you create on a storage
subsystem for data storage. A logical drive is defined over a set of drives (called an array) and
has a defined RAID level and capacity (see 4.1.1, “DS5000 arrays and RAID levels” on
page 104). The drive boundaries of the array are hidden from the host computer.
The IBM System Storage DS5000 storage subsystem provides great flexibility in terms of
configuring arrays and logical drives. However, when assigning logical volumes to the
systems, it is very important to remember that the DS5000 storage subsystem uses a
preferred controller ownership approach for communicating with LUNs. This means that every
LUN is owned by only one controller. It is, therefore, important at the system level to make
sure that traffic is correctly balanced among controllers. This is a fundamental principle for a
correct setting of the storage system.
Balancing traffic is unfortunately not always a trivial task. For example, if an application
requires a large disk space to be located and accessed in one chunk, it becomes harder to
balance traffic by spreading the smaller volumes among controllers.
In addition, typically, the load across controllers and logical drives is constantly changing. The
logical drives and data accessed at any given time depend on which applications and users
are active during that time period, which is why it is important to monitor the system.
Enhanced Remote Mirror considerations
A secondary logical drive in a remote mirror does not have a preferred owner. Instead, the
ownership of the secondary logical drive is determined by the controller owner of the
associated primary logical drive. For example, if controller A owns the primary logical drive in
the primary storage subsystem, controller A owns the associated secondary logical drive in
the secondary storage subsystem. If controller ownership changes on the primary logical
drive, then this will cause a corresponding controller ownership change of the secondary
logical drive.
4.1.3 Hot spare drive
A hot spare drive is like a replacement drive installed in advance. Hot spare disk drives
provide additional protection that might prove to be essential if there is a disk drive failure in a
fault tolerant array.
Because a DS5000 storage subsystem configuration might have different disk types (FC,
SATA, FDE, and SSD) with different capacities and speeds, you have to plan in advance how
to provide the best hot spare protection for your storage subsystem.
Best practice: Here are some guidelines for LUN assignment and storage partitioning:
򐂰 Assign LUNs across all controllers to balance controller utilization.
򐂰 Use the manual method of creating logical drives. This allows greater flexibility for
configuration settings, such as enclosure loss protection and utilizing both drive loops.
򐂰 If you have highly used LUNs, where possible, move them away from other LUNs and
put them on their own separate array. This will reduce disk contention for that array.

Table of Contents

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IBM Midrange System DS4000 Series Specifications

General IconGeneral
ModelDS4000 Series
CategoryStorage
ManufacturerIBM
Drive Types SupportedSAS, SATA
RAID Levels Supported0, 1, 3, 5, 6, 10
Host InterfacesFibre Channel
Host ConnectivityFibre Channel
Drive InterfaceSAS, SATA
Management SoftwareIBM Storage Manager
Hot-Swap ComponentsDrives, power supplies, cooling fans
RedundancyRedundant power supplies, fans, controllers (depending on model)

Summary

Introduction to IBM Midrange System Storage storage subsystems

IBM Midrange System Storage storage server models

Describes the IBM Midrange System Storage series of storage servers, including DS4000 and DS5000 models.

IBM Midrange System Storage expansion enclosure

Details the IBM Midrange System Storage expansion enclosures, including EXP810, EXP5000, EXP520, and EXP5060 models.

IBM System Storage DS Storage Manager software

Explains the IBM System Storage DS Storage Manager software used for configuring, managing, and troubleshooting storage subsystems.

IBM Midrange System Storage hard disk drives

Discusses the multi-tiered storage support and various hard disk drive technologies used in IBM Midrange System Storage.

New features

Full Disk Encryption capable disk drive modules (DDM)

Introduces Disk Security and Full Disk Encryption (FDE) drives, supported by DS5000 firmware V7.60.

Solid State Drive (SSD) module

Discusses Solid State Drives (SSDs) as a new storage type for enterprise workloads requiring high IOPS.

IBM System Storage DS5020 storage subsystem and EXP520

Introduces the DS5020 storage system, designed for midrange/departmental storage requirements.

Remote Support Manager Hardware Model RS2

Introduces the DS-RSM Model RS2 server for managing and analyzing alert notifications efficiently.

IBM System Storage DS4000 and DS5000 hardware

IBM System Storage DS4700 Express

Details the IBM System Storage DS4700 Express storage subsystem, its features, and models.

DS4000 series expansion enclosures

Describes the DS4000 series expansion enclosures, including EXP710 and EXP810 models.

DS5100 and DS5300 storage subsystems

Compares the DS5100 and DS5300 storage subsystems, highlighting their increased performance and capacity.

DS5100 and DS5300 controller architecture

Explains the controller architecture of the DS5100 and DS5300, focusing on the ZIP ASIC and PCI Express buses.

DS5000 storage subsystem host-side connections

Explains the host-side connections in the DS5000 controller, using flexible Host Interface Cards (HICs).

DS5000 storage subsystem drive-side connections

Details the drive-side connections in the DS5000 storage subsystem and the numbering scheme.

DS5020 storage subsystem

Introduces the DS5020, a new midrange disk storage offering from IBM.

DS5020 controller architecture

Details the DS5020 controller architecture, comparing it to DS4700 with minor differences.

DS5020 storage subsystem host-side connections

Explains the host-side connections in the DS5020 controller, detailing its different interface configurations.

DS5020 storage subsystem drive-side connections

Describes the drive-side cabling for the DS5020, depending on the number of expansion units attached.

IBM System Storage DS planning and configuration

DS5000 arrays and RAID levels

Explains how arrays are created and the different RAID levels available for DS5000.

Storage partitioning

Discusses storage partitioning, which allows heterogeneous host systems to access the same storage subsystem.

Cache parameters

Covers various cache settings configurable in Storage Manager for DS5000 system-wide and per logical drive.

Security planning: Full Disk Encryption

Discusses Full Disk Encryption (FDE) as a premium feature for data security on disks.

Disk Encryption or FDE

Details the Disk Encryption feature, requiring Encryption Capable FC disk drives and activation.

Enhanced Remote Mirroring (ERM)

Details the Enhanced Remote Mirroring (ERM) option for online, real-time data replication between DS5000 storage subsystems.

Multipathing

Discusses the different multipath drivers available for DS5000 storage subsystems.

Storage Manager software

Describes the Storage Manager software used for configuring, managing, and troubleshooting storage subsystems.

Installing IBM System Storage DS Storage Manager

Covers the client and host server software packages required to manage and connect to DS5000 storage subsystems.

Installing Storage Manager in a Windows Server 2008 host

Covers automatically starting the Storage Manager Event Monitor and its configuration.

Configuring IP addresses of the controllers

Explains how to change IP addresses using the Storage Manager utility via out-of-band management.

Using and configuring the DS Storage Manager client

Explains the host agent (in-band) management method, its advantages, and disadvantages.

Enabling the premium features

Provides steps to activate purchased premium features using the DS Storage Manager.

Automatic configuration

Covers using the Automatic Configuration wizard to create arrays and logical drives with minimal interaction.

Configuring storage partitioning

Explains the concept of storage partitioning and the overall process of defining storage partitions.

Configuring mapped drives from Windows

Guides on checking new mapped logical drives from Windows Server 2008 using SANsurfer and Device Manager.

Monitoring and alerting

Covers configuring e-mail and SNMP alert notifications through the Enterprise Management window.

Saving the configuration

Guides on saving the DS5000 storage subsystem configuration for backup and replication.

Disk Security with Full Disk Encryption drives

The need for encryption

Explains the importance of encryption due to increasing data security threats and regulatory compliance.

DS5000 Disk Encryption Manager

Describes the Disk Encryption Manager role in maintaining key linkage and communications with FDE drives.

Full Data Encryption (FDE) disks

Lists the required Fibre Channel disks with 15,000 rpm speed for enabling Disk Security.

Setting up and enabling a secure disk

Provides a step-by-step process to create a key and file on IBM Disk Encryption Storage Manager.

FDE and premium feature check

Details checks required before key creation, including premium feature key application.

Secure key creation

Guides on creating the secure key, pass phrase, and security identifier for FDE drives.

Enable Disk Security on array

Explains how to enable Disk Security on an array after keys have been created and FDE drives are ready.

Secure erase

Describes secure erase as a method for data erasure that makes drives impossible to decrypt.

Import secure drive array

Explains how to unlock drives and import arrays after physically moving disks to the target DS5000.

Unlock drives

Details the procedure to unlock FDE drives before importing an array, requiring key file and pass phrase.

Import array

Describes how to import an array using the Storage Manager window in the Logical view.

Advanced maintenance, troubleshooting, and diagnostics

Planning for upgrades

Provides preparation guidance for upgrading firmware and management software smoothly.

Updating controller firmware

Explains how to transfer and activate controller firmware and NVSRAM to the DS5000 subsystem.

Updating the ESM board firmware

Explains the procedure for updating ESM board firmware, including synchronization features.

Updating the hard disk drives’ firmware

Guides on updating hard disk drive firmware, often required after ESM or controller firmware upgrades.

Storage Manager communication problems

Offers recovery procedures for unresponsive storage subsystems in both in-band and out-of-band management.

Managing disk failures

Explains how controllers monitor disk status and handle drive failures, including hot spares and array status.

Command-line interface and Script Editor

Command-line interface (CLI)

Describes the Script Engine and how commands are invoked via interactive, batch, or script editor methods.

Script Editor

Introduces the Script Editor for creating, editing, and executing scripts for storage management.

Using the Script Editor

Guides on how to open the Script Editor and its two views: Script view and Output view.

Solid State Drives on the IBM System Storage DS5000 series

Solid State Drives on a DS5000 storage subsystem

Covers new SSD support on DS5000 series, including requirements and limitations.

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