53210A Math, Graphing, and Data Logging 6
Keysight 53210A User’s Guide 151
Using the Scale Functions
The counter scaling functions include null, percent change (PCT), part per million 
change (PPM), part per billion change (PPB), and scale (Mx-B). The function is 
selected with the command:
CALCulate[1]:SCALe:FUNCtion {NULL|PCT|PPM|PPB|SCALe} 
CALCulate[1]:SCALe:FUNCtion?    (query form)
NULL - performs a null operation. The result is the measurement minus the 
reference value. (See “Scale Reference Value” for information on setting the 
reference). 
PCT - performs a percent change operation. The result is the difference between 
the measurement and the reference value, expressed in percentage.
PPM - performs a parts per million change operation. The result is the difference 
between the measurement and the reference value, expressed in parts per million.
PPB - performs a parts per billion change operation. The result is the difference 
between the measurement and the reference value, expressed in parts per billion.
SCALe - performs an Mx-B operation. The result is the measurement (x) multiplied 
by the gain value M (
CALCulate1:SCALe:GAIN command) minus the offset value B 
(
CALCulate1:SCALe:OFFSet). If CALCulate1:SCALe:INVert is enabled (On), the 
measurement will first be inverted (1/x), resulting in a M/x-B operation.