Leica TS13 - Page 78

c
a
b
TS_110
a Mean Sea Level
b
Instrument
c Reflector
Slope distance
Horizontal distance
Height difference
The instrument calculates the slope distance, horizontal distance, height differ-
enc
e in accordance with the following formulas:
002425_002
= D
0
· ( 1 + ppm · 10
-6
) + AC
Displayed slope distance [m]
D
0
Unc
orrected distance [m]
ppm Atmospheric scale correction [mm/km]
AC Additive constant of the reflector [m]
TS_112
= Y - A · X ·
Y
TS_113
= X + B · Y
2
Horizontal distance [m]
Height difference [m]
Y * |sinz|
X * cosz
z
V
ertical circle reading
A
(1 - k / 2) / R = 1.47 * 10
-7
[m
-1
]
B
(1 - k) / (2 * R) = 6.83 * 10
-8
[m
-1
]
k 0.13 (mean refraction coefficient)
R
6.378 * 10
6
m (radius of the earth)
Earth curvature (1/R) and mean refraction coefficient (k) are automatically
tak
en into account when calculating the horizontal distance and height differ-
ence. The calculated horizontal distance relates to the station height and not
to the reflector height.
In the distance measuring program Averaging, the following values are dis-
played:
D Slope distance as arithmetic mean of all measurements
s
Standard deviation of a single measurement
n Number of measurements
Formulas
Distance measuring
pr
ogram Averaging
78 Technical Data