Bias ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles
substantially less than 90 degrees to the center line of the tread.
Carcass The tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber which, that when inflated, bears the load.
Chunking The breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall.
Cord The strands forming the plies in the tire.
Cord separation The parting of cords from adjacent rubber compounds.
Cracking Any parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner liner of the tire extending to cord material.
Extra load tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and higher inflation pressure than the corresponding
standard tire.
Groove The space between two adjacent tread ribs.
Inner liner The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within the
tire.
Inner liner separation The parting of the inner liner from cord material in the carcass.
Load rating The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure.
Maximum load rating The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire.
Measuring rim The rim on which a tire is fitted for physical dimension requirements.
Open splice Any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or inner liner that extends to the cord material.
Outer diameter The overall diameter of an inflated new tire.
Overall width The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including elevations due
to labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs.
Ply A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords.
Ply separation A parting of rubber compound between adjacent plies.
Pneumatic tire A mechanical device made of rubber, chemicals, fabric and steel or other materials, that, when
mounted on an automotive wheel, provides the traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains the
load.
Radial ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90 degrees
to the center line of the tread.
Reinforced tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the corresponding
standard tire.
Section width The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding elevations due
to labeling, decoration, or protective bands.
Sidewall The portion of a tire between the tread and bead.
Sidewall separation The parting of the rubber compound from the cord material in the sidewall.
Snow tire A tire that attains a traction index equal to or greater than 110, compared to the ASTM E1136-93 (re-
approved 2003, incorporated by reference, see §571.5) Standard Reference Test Tire when using the
snow traction test as described in ASTM F1805-00 (incorporated by reference, see §571.5), and that
is marked with an Alpine Symbol specified in S5.5(i) on at least one sidewall.
Test rim The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and may be any rim listed as appropriate for use with that
tire.
Tread The portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road.
Tread rib A tread section running around the circumference of a tire.
Tread separation The pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass.
Tread wear
indicators (TWI)
The projections within the principal grooves designed to give a visual indication of the degrees of
wear of the tread.
Wheels and Tires
204 MODEL Y Owner's Manual
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