AIRPLANE
FLIGHT
MANUAL
PERFORMANCE
ANAC APPROVED 5-01
REVISION 8 code 01 Page 7
AFM-1385
CONTAMINATED RUNWAY - STANDING WATER
A runway is considered contaminated by standing water when covered
by more than 3 mm deep water.
CONTAMINATED RUNWAY - SLUSH
A runway is considered contaminated by slush, when covered by
partly melted snow or ice with high water content, such that it cannot
significantly resist compression by hand, and of an assumed specific
gravity of 0.85.
CONTAMINATED RUNWAY - COMPACTED SNOW
A runway is considered contaminated by compacted snow when
covered by snow that has been compressed into a solid mass such
the airplane wheels, at representative operating pressure and
loadings, will run on the surface without causing significant rutting.
CONTAMINATED RUNWAY - DRY SNOW
A runway is considered contaminated by dry snow when covered by
fresh snow with relatively little liquid water content, such that water
cannot be squeezed out when compacted by hand, and with a specific
gravity not greater than 0.2.
CONTAMINATED RUNWAY - WET SNOW
It is a snow that will stick together when compressed but will not
readily allow water to flow from it when squeezed, with an assumed
specific gravity of 0.5.
CONTAMINATED RUNWAY - DRY OR WET ICE
It is a runway surface condition where braking action is expected to be
very low, due to the presence of wet ice.
TAKEOFF AND LANDING SPEEDS
MINIMUM CONTROL SPEED ON GROUND - V
MCG
Is the minimum speed on the ground at which, when the critical engine
is suddenly made inoperative, it is possible to maintain control of the
airplane with the remaining engine at takeoff thrust, with use of the
primary aerodynamic controls alone, and not deviate more than 30 ft
laterally from the centerline at any point during the takeoff run.