4. 
Determining 
Q 
The 
Q 
of  a tuned circuit can be determined as follows: 
A. Determine  the center frequency and bandwidth as ex- 
B. 
Calculate 
Q 
by using the following formuala: 
plained in paragraph 2.7.10 step 
3. 
Q 
= 
Center Frequency/Bandwidth 
2.7.11 MIN/MAX and 100 Point Data Logger 
Operation 
The data logger can  store up to 
100 
readings and store the 
minimum and maximum readings recorded during the period 
that  the  data logger  is  active.  The 
100 
points  of  data are 
stored at one of  seven selectable rates from three per second 
to one reading per hour. Also, manual triggering is available 
(r=6). In the r=6 mode, one reading is stored every time the 
STO/CLR  button  is  pressed.  Readings  for  minimum  and 
maximum  are  sampled  at  the  rate  of  three  per  second 
regardless of  the  selected rate. The procedure  for  operating 
the data logger is as follows: 
1. 
2. 
NOTE 
The logging cycle can be terminated at any time 
by pressing the STO/CLR button. This shuts off 
the data logger. However,  data is  retained and 
can be recalled at any time as long as the instru- 
ment  remains on. In  the 
r=6 
mode,  press the 
RCL and the STO/CLR button to terminate the 
data logger cycle. 
In the store mode 
(STO 
annunciator on) and when the buffer 
is  full 
(100 
readings  stored),  the  minimum  and  maximum 
readings are continuously updated. When the store mode 
is 
turned off  the minimum and maximum readings are not up- 
dated. 
3. 
Data Retrieval-Data  can be retrieved at any time, but a 
flashing 
RCL 
annunciator  indicates  that  the  maximum 
number of  readings 
(100) 
have been stored. 
A. Press and hold in  the RCL  button. The display scrolls 
through the data points and MIN/MAX (LO/HI). The 
first data point displayed is the last stored reading. The 
next two data Doints are the 
HI 
and 
LO 
readinas made 
<I 
Connect  the  desired  measurement  configuration  to  the 
Model 197. Make sure that the controls of  the Model 197 
are set appropriately.  the display. 
Logging Data: 
A. Press and  hold  the  STO/CLR button. The following 
during  that  logging cycle.  Notice  that  the  longer  the 
RCL 
button is held in the faster the data points scroll on 
B. 
Release the 
RCL 
button at the desired data point  and 
note the reading (data) on the display. The data pointer 
can  be  incremented  by steps  of  one by  momentarily 
holding in  the RCL button. 
reading rates will scroll on the display: 
rate/ meaning 
r 
= 
0 
(every reading) 
r=l 
(1 
rdg/sec) 
r=2 
(1 
rdg/lo sec) 
r=3 
(1 
rdg/min) 
r=4 
(1 
rdg/lo min) 
r=5 
(1 
rdg/hour) 
r=6 (Irdg every time STO/CLR is pressed) 
NOTE 
There  is  no  need  to  select  a  rate 
if 
just 
minimum/maximum readings are desired. Press 
the STO/CLR button to start the logger. 
B. 
Release the STO/CLR button when the desired reading 
rate is displayed. The STO annunciator turns on and 
data is logged at the selected rate. 
C. In the manual trigger mode (r=6), a reading is stored 
every time the STO/CLR button is pressed. The follow- 
ing sequence takes place after the STO/CLR button is 
pressed when in the manual trigger mode. 
a. The Model 
197 
stores the reading. 
b. The buffer location number is briefly displayed. For 
example: Buffer location 
#1 
is represented by n=01. 
c. The Model 197 displays the applied signal and waits 
for the next manual trigger. 
2.7.12 Diode Test 
The 2kQ and 2OOkQ  ranges can be used for testing semicon- 
ductor junctions as follows: 
1. 
Select the ohms function. 
2. 
Press  the  2k  and  2OOk  button  (diode  symbols)  in 
simultaneously. 
3. 
Display reads forward 
V 
drop of  a silicon diode at 1.6mA 
(l.lmA for an LED), up to 2.2V. Red terminal  is positive. 
Accuracy is typically better than 
1.5% 
of  reading. 
2.8 TRMS CONSIDERATIONS 
Most DMMs actually measure the average value of  an input 
waveform but are calibrated to read its 
RMS 
equivalent. This 
poses no problems as long as the waveform being measured is 
a pure, low distortion sine wave. For complex, nonsinusodial 
waveforms, however, measurements made with an averaging 
type meter  can be grossly  inaccurate. Because 
of 
its TRMS 
(True Root Mean Square) measuring capabilities, the Model 
197 provides accurate AC measurement for a wide variety of 
AC input waveforms. 
2-13 
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