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S1, S2, S3 and S0
are the non-normalized Stokes vectors. The Stokes vector represents the state of polarization
(SOP) and is a four element vector (S0, S1, S2, S3), where:
· S0 is the total power
· S1 is a measure of vertical and horizontal linear polarization,
· S2 is a measure of linear polarization at 45° and –45°, and
· S3 is a measure of left and right circular polarization.
s1, s2 and s3
These are the Stokes vectors that are normalized with the total power S0 as reference. There is
the following relation between the azimuth θ and ellipticity h and the normalized Stokes para-
meters:
Power Split Ratio and Phase Difference
These parameters can be alternatively used to represent the polarization state based on an el-
lipse. This representation has the advantage that the retardation of the E
x
vector to the E
y
vec-
tor is simply defined by the phase difference ∆ :
For more information, please see Polarization Ellipse section.
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