Table 5.21 Breaker states
Function I/O Type Details
Breakers > [Breaker] > State > [*B] is open Digital output Continuous Activated when the breaker is open.
Breakers > [Breaker] > State > [*B] is closed Digital output Continuous Activated when the breaker is closed.
Breakers > [Breaker] > State > [*B] is
synchronising
Digital output Continuous
Activated when the system is synchronising the
breaker.
Breakers > [Breaker] > State > [*B] is de-loading Digital output Continuous
Activated when the system is de-loading the
breaker.
Breakers > [Breaker] > State > [*B] is preparing Digital output Continuous
Only for compact breakers.
Activated when the system is loading the spring
on a compact breaker.
Application
A digital output with a breaker state may be wired to a switchboard light, to help the operator.
For example, for a SHAFT generator controller, a digital output may have the Shaft generator breaker > State > SGB is de-loading
function. A switchboard light is lit when the controller system is de-loading the shaft generator breaker.
5.4 Synchronisation functions
5.4.1 Dynamic synchronisation
During dynamic synchronisation, the synchronising genset can run at a slightly different speed to the genset(s) on the busbar. This
speed difference is called the slip frequency. Dynamic synchronisation is recommended where fast synchronisation is required, and
where the synchronising genset is able to take load when the breaker closes.
The synchronising genset is typically run with a positive slip frequency. That is, the synchronising genset runs at a slightly higher
speed than the genset(s) on the busbar. This is to avoid a reverse power trip after synchronisation.
This type of synchronisation is relatively fast because of the minimum and maximum frequency differences. Synchronisation is
possible while the controller is still busy regulating the frequency towards the set point. The frequency does not have to be the same
as the busbar frequency. As long as the frequency difference is within the limits and the phase angles are matched, the controller
can send the close breaker signal.
INFO
Dynamic synchronisation is recommended where fast synchronisation is required, and where the incoming gensets are
able to take load when the breaker closes.
Inputs and outputs
This function uses the controller AC measurements, regulators, and breaker configuration.
Parameters
Configure the synchronisation parameters under Configure > Parameters > Breakers > [Breaker] configuration >
Synchronisation setting.
Table 5.22
Dynamic synchronisation parameters
Name Range Default Notes
Sync. type Dynamic, Static Dynamic Dynamic must be selected.
Delta frequency
min.
-0.5 to 0.3 Hz -0.1 Hz
For synchronisation: Add Delta frequency min. to the busbar frequency, for
the minimum frequency of the synchronising generator.
DESIGNER'S HANDBOOK 4189340911K UK Page 152 of 521
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