5. Breakers, synchronisation and de-loading
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Introduction to synchronisation and de-loading
A number of power sources can supply power to the same busbar. These power sources must be synchronised in order to safely
connect them. Synchronisation consists of matching the voltage, frequency and phases on both sides of the breaker that must be
closed.
Synchronisation is one of the controller's key functions. The power management system synchronises the power sources by using
the appropriate GENSET controller(s) to adjust the speed of the relevant genset(s).
This chapter describes:
• Regulation required to synchronise and de-load
• Synchronisation and de-loading under power management or switchboard control
• Synchronisation and de-loading in AUTO or SEMI mode (GENSET and EMERGENCY genset controllers)
• Configuring the breakers
• Dynamic synchronisation
• Static synchronisation
More information
See Regulation for more information on the regulation of the gensets.
See Power management for more information on the automatic actions to optimise the power supply.
See each controller type for more information on each controller's breaker sequences.
5.1.2 Regulation required for synchronisation
For synchronisation, the controller must be able to adjust the genset frequency (by regulating the genset governor) and voltage (by
regulating the genset AVR).
The power management system (PMS) adjusts the genset speed(s) so that the frequencies and phases of the power sources on
either side of the breaker match.
The PMS can only regulate the voltage and frequency by using the GENSET controllers. The PMS cannot regulate the voltage or
frequency of the shaft generator, the shore connection, or (in some cases) the busbar. Where the PMS must synchronise to
equipment that is not regulated, the PMS regulates the gensets to synchronise to the unregulated equipment.
It does not matter whether the gensets are already connected to the busbar, or whether the unregulated equipment is already
connected to the busbar. In both cases, the PMS only regulates the gensets to synchronise.
The power management system regulates the gensets to synchronise the power sources. The controller measures the
synchronisation across its breaker(s). When the synchronisation is within the configured limits, the controller activates the Breakers
> [Breaker] > Control > Close output.
EMERGENCY genset controller
Most of the controller types control only one breaker. However, the EMERGENCY genset controller controls two breakers: the
emergency genset breaker and the tie breaker to the emergency busbar. You can configure different synchronisation settings for
each breaker.
DESIGNER'S HANDBOOK 4189340911K UK Page 139 of 521
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