SOI/DT 2006-01 dmm 7/71 599 37 47-13
3 WASHING PRINCIPLES
3.1 Washing
The washing of the fabrics consists of transferring the dirt from the
fabrics to the water, and is achieved using the following:
detergent
mechanical action
temperature
time
The washing operation comprises four phases:
1. Soaking (the fabrics must be completely soaked).
2. Dispersal of the dirt (which must be separated from the fabrics).
3. Suspension of the dirt (once removed from the fabrics, the dirt must not re-deposit, but must be held in
suspension).
4. Elimination of the dirt by means of draining and rinses.
3.1.1 Results of the wash
In order to obtain satisfactory washing results, it is necessary to know:
♦ the nature of the fibres
♦ the nature of the soiling
♦ the hardness of the water
♦ the products used for the wash (detergent, conditioners, bleach etc.)
and then to select the appropriate washing cycles.
The results of the wash depend on a number of factors:
• type of fabric
• type of water
• type of soiling
• type and quantity of detergent
• temperature of the water
• efficiency of the rinses
• time and speed of the spin cycles
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