Measurement Tutorial 7
Keysight 34420A User’s Guide 291
An ice bath is used to create a known reference temperature (0 °C). Once the
reference temperature and thermocouple type are known, the temperature of the
measurement thermocouple can be calculated.
The type T thermocouple is a unique case since one of the conductors (copper) is
the same metal as the meter’s input terminal. If another type of thermocouple is
used, two additional thermocouples are created. For example, the connections
with a type J thermocouple (iron and constantan):
Two additional thermocouples have been created where the iron lead connects to
the meter’s copper input terminals. Since these two junctions will generate
opposing voltages, their effect will be to cancel each other. However, if the input
terminals are not at the same temperature, then an error will be created in the
measurement.
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