5-16 Service Guide N5230-90024
Theory of Operation PNA Series Microwave Network Analyzers
Signal Separation Group Operation N5230C
A17 Multiplier/Amplifier/Switch/Splitter 26.5 (MASS 26.5)
The A17 MASS 26.5 is used only in analyzers with a high-end frequency of 22.5 GHz or lower.
After the source signal has been amplified, filtered, and multiplied, it is sent to the splitter where a portion of
the signal is split off to provide the R1 and R2 channel reference signals.
Another portion is split off and sent to the ALC circuitry located on the A16 test set motherboard to provide
leveling control.
Refer also to “A17 Multiplier/Amplifier/Switch/Splitter 26.5 (MASS 26.5)” on page 5-9.
A19 Multiplier/Amplifier/Switch/Splitter 50 (MASS 50)
The A19 MASS 50 is used only in analyzers with a high-end frequency above 26.5 GHz.
After the source signal has been amplified, filtered, and multiplied, it is sent to the splitter where a portion of
the signal is split off to provide the R1 and R2 channel reference signals.
Another portion is split off and sent to the ALC circuitry, located on the A16 test set motherboard, to provide
leveling control.
Refer also to “A19 Multiplier/Amplifier/Switch/Splitter 50 (MASS 50)” on page 5-10.
A21 and A22 Test Port Couplers
The test port signal goes into the through-line arm of the couplers, and from there to the test ports and the
DUT. The coupled arm of the couplers carries the signal reflected from or transmitted through the DUT, to the
receiver (through a front panel jumper for Option 014) for measurement. The coupling coefficient of the
directional couplers is nominally 15 dB over the full frequency range.
A25 and A26 60-dB Source Step Attenuators (Option 1E1)
The 60-dB step attenuators provide coarse power control for the test port signals. They are
electro-mechanical step attenuators that provide 0 to 60 dB of attenuation in 10-dB steps. They adjust the
power level to the DUT without changing the level of the incident power in the reference path. These
attenuators are controlled by the A15 CPU board.
Configurable Test Set (Option 014)
The Option 014 analyzer allows you to measure devices with higher power and higher dynamic range limits
than the standard analyzer. The theory of operation is the same as for the standard analyzer except that
there are six front panel SMA jumpers.
As shown in Figure 5-4 on page 5-17, these jumpers are installed between:
• the A25 test port 1 step attenuator and the A21 test port 1 coupler
• the A26 test port 2 step attenuator and the A22 test port 2 coupler
• the A21 test port 1 coupler and the A20 mixer brick channel A
• the A22 test port 2 coupler and the A20 mixer brick channel B
• the A25 test port 1 step attenuator and the A20 mixer brick channel R1
• the A26 test port 2 step attenuator and the A20 mixer brick channel R2
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