HP Compaq t1000 - Page 263

Glossary 233
PAP Password Authentication Protocol. An authentication scheme
used by PPP servers to validate the identity of the ori
g
inator of
the connection. PAP applies a two-way handshakin
g
procedure.
After the link is established the ori
g
inator sends an id-password
pair to the server. If authentication succeeds the server sends
back an acknowled
g
ment; otherwise it either terminates the
connection or
g
ives the ori
g
inator another chance.
Parallel port An input/output port that allows the entire bit pattern for a sin
g
le
character to be sent at one time, usually used to connect a
printer to a computer.
Parity check The addition of non-information bits (specifically, parity bits) to
make up a transmission block (a number of bits transmitted as
unit) that ensures the total number of ones is always either even
(even parity) or odd (odd parity). The parity check is used to
detect transmission errors.
PCMCIA Personal Computer Miniature Connector Interface Adapter.
Hardware and software standards for credit-card-sized
inte
g
rated circuit cards.
Pin
g
Packet InterNet Groper. A protocol used in the Transmission
Control Protocol (TCP) environment to test whether a node or
remote device is communicatin
g
on a local area network (LAN)
or wide area network (WAN). The protocol provides for
transportin
g
an echo response from a host system, a client, or a
g
ateway. It is a useful tool for locatin
g
problems on the network
related to failed connections and software problems. One
data
g
ram is sent every second over the network and any
response is displayed.
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol. A serial communication protocol that
operates over dialup or leased (dedicated) lines to provide
connections into IP networks. It sets up and monitors router
sessions and frames the data transmitted over the line.
Protocol A set of formal rules describin
g
how to transmit data, especially
across a network. Low-level protocols define the electrical and
physical standards to be observed, bit- and byte-orderin
g
, and
the transmission and error detection and correction of the bit
stream. Hi
g
h level protocols deal with the data formattin
g
,
includin
g
the syntax of messa
g
es, the terminal to computer
dialo
g
ue, character sets, sequencin
g
of messa
g
es, etc.