Basic Effects Mode
The Structure of Kurzweil Digital Effects (KDFX)
9-7
Dither
Dithering adds a small bit of noise to a digital signal to lower quantization distortion. Use the
Dither parameter to select different digital noise ßoor characteristics. No setting is superior to
anotherÑeach one is a tradeoff between perceived noise level and artifacts.
FlatÑthe digital noise ßoor is spectrally ßat, so itÕs a good choice for resampling the K2600Õs
own output, as there will be no addition of noise in the process. This is sometimes known as
triangular dither.
Minimum, Medium, MaximumÑthese utilize noise shaping in varying degrees. The noise ßoor
has been essentially equalized to make it softer at midrange frequencies, and louder at bass and
treble frequencies. The overall power level of the noise is actually higher than at the Flat setting,
but due to the earÕs spectral response at low levels, the noise ßoor appears lower at these
settings.
These values are not as useful as Flat for resampling, since the boosted noise may become quite
noticeable if the sample is played transposed down a couple of octaves. In addition, repeated
resampling would cause buildup at the boosted frequencies.
NoneÑno dither. This is provided primarily for completeness. You generally never want to use
this setting, unless you are studying dither in a classroom, or you speciÞcally want to hear
digital artifacts. Low-level signals are extremely distorted using this setting.
Digital Word Length (DigOut)
This parameter is available only if you have the sampling option in your K2600.
The K2600 is capable of producing 20-bit digital audio signals. Normal 16-bit digital audio
provides a maximum dynamic range of about 96 dB; adding the extra four bits adds some 24 dB
to the dynamic range. ThereÕs an increasing number of products on the market that can handle
20-bit digital signals, including tape and hard-disk recorders, mixers, and signal processors, and
the K2600 can talk to these devices with the highest degree of Þdelity.
The DigOut parameter toggles between 16-bit and 20-bit operation. The value for DigOut
determines the word length used for the KDS eight-channel output, and also for the standard
digital output, provided it is in Direct mode (as set on the SampleMode page).
If you are using your K2600 with a Kurzweil DMTi, set DigOut to 16 Bit, since the DMTi
currently operates only in 16-bit mode. If youÕre connecting the digital output to a 20-bit (or
more) capable device, set DigOut to 20 Bit and you can take advantage of the signiÞcantly
reduced noise ßoor.
Note that the setting of DigOut doesnÕt affect any of the K2600Õs inputs: those are always
operating in 16-bit mode. Likewise, DigOut doesnÕt affect the K2600Õs own DACs (digital-analog
converters). They always operate in 18-bit mode.
The Structure of Kurzweil Digital Effects (KDFX)
The Studio
All Effects-mode functions are contained in a studio. Only one studio is active at a time.
Each studio has four stereo or eight mono inputs. The sources for these inputs are the four
output pairs available in two places: the Pair parameter on the OUTPUT page in the Program
Editor, and the Out parameter on the CN/PRG page in the Setup Editor. In both cases, the
available values are KDFX-A, KDFX-B, KDFX-C, and KDFX-D. Instead of going directly to the
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