Multicast Architecture 191
Class D IP addresses range from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. For details, see
Table 142.
As specified by IANA, the IP addresses ranging from 224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255 are
reserved for network protocols on local networks.
Table 143 lists commonly used
reserved IP multicast addresses:
n
Like having reserved the private network segment 10.0.0.0/8 for unicast, IANA has
also reserved the network segment 239.0.0.0/8 for multicast. These are
administratively scoped addresses. With the administratively scoped addresses,
you can define the range of multicast domains flexibly to isolate IP addresses
between different multicast domains, so that the same multicast address can be
used in different multicast domains without causing collisions.
Tab le 142 Range and description of Class D IP addresses
Class D address range Description
224.0.0.0 to 224.0.0.255 Reserved multicast addresses (IP addresses for permanent
multicast groups). The IP address 224.0.0.0 is reserved.
Other IP addresses can be used by routing protocols.
224.0.1.0 to 231.255.255.255
233.0.0.0 to 238.255.255.255
Available any-source multicast (ASM) multicast addresses
(IP addresses for temporary groups). They are valid for the
entire network.
232.0.0.0 to 232.255.255.255 Available source-specific multicast (SSM) multicast group
addresses.
239.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 Administratively scoped multicast addresses, which are
for specific local use only.
Tab le 143 Reserved IP multicast addresses
Class D address
range
Description
224.0.0.1 Address of all hosts
224.0.0.2 Address of all multicast routers
224.0.0.3 Unassigned
224.0.0.4 Distance vector multicast routing protocol (DVMRP) routers
224.0.0.5 Open shortest path first (OSPF) routers
224.0.0.6 Open shortest path first designated routers (OSPF DR)
224.0.0.7 Shared tree routers
224.0.0.8 Shared tree hosts
224.0.0.9 RIP-2 routers
224.0.0.11 Mobile agents
224.0.0.12 DHCP server/relay agent
224.0.0.13 All protocol independent multicast (PIM) routers
224.0.0.14 Resource reservation protocol (RSVP) encapsulation
224.0.0.15 All core-based tree (CBT) routers
224.0.0.16 The specified subnetwork bandwidth management (SBM)
224.0.0.17 All SBMS
224.0.0.18 Virtual router redundancy protocol (VRRP)
224.0.0.19 to
224.0.0.255
Other protocols
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