EasyManua.ls Logo

FlightSafety LEARJET 45 User Manual

Default Icon
539 pages
To Next Page IconTo Next Page
To Next Page IconTo Next Page
Page #1 background imageLoading...
Page #1 background image
FlightSafety International
1071 E. Aero Park Blvd.
Tucson, AZ 85706
(800) 203-5627
FlightSafety
international
LEARJET 45
PILOT
TRAINING
MANUAL
VOLUME 2

Table of Contents

Question and Answer IconNeed help?

Do you have a question about the FlightSafety LEARJET 45 and is the answer not in the manual?

FlightSafety LEARJET 45 Specifications

General IconGeneral
BrandFlightSafety
ModelLEARJET 45
CategoryAircrafts
LanguageEnglish

Summary

CHAPTER 1 AIRCRAFT GENERAL

INTRODUCTION

Provides an overview of the chapter's scope, covering airframe structure and general systems.

GENERAL

Discusses aircraft certification, operational limits, and the primary structural components.

STRUCTURE

Details the aircraft's structural design requirements, including fuselage, wings, and empennage.

FUSELAGE

Describes the fuselage construction, major assemblies, and basic sections.

Nose Section

Covers the radome, aluminum construction, avionics bay, and nose wheelwell.

Pressurized Section

Details the cockpit and passenger areas, including dimensions and cabin features.

Doors

Explains the passenger/crew door, emergency exit hatch, and tailcone access doors.

Windows

Describes the windshield and cabin windows, including construction and features.

Fuel Section

Locates the fuselage fuel tank aft of the rear pressure bulkhead.

Tailcone Section

Describes the tailcone section, access doors, baggage compartment, and equipment bay.

WING

Details the wing's swept planform, aspect ratio, and specific features like winglets and anti-icing.

EMPENNAGE

Describes the T-tail empennage, vertical stabilizer, rudder, horizontal stabilizer, and delta fins.

STATIC DISCHARGE WICKS

Lists the locations and quantity of static discharge wicks on the aircraft.

AIRPLANE ANTENNAS

Shows the location of antennas, emphasizing their importance in external inspection.

CHAPTER 2 ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS

INTRODUCTION

Outlines the primary and secondary DC power sources and AC power provision.

GENERAL

Explains the split bus system, power distribution, and sources like batteries, generators, GPU, and APU.

DC POWER SOURCES

Details the main batteries, emergency battery, GPU, and APU as DC power sources.

EMERGENCY BATTERY

Describes the standard emergency battery, its location, duration, and function.

GROUND POWER UNIT (GPU)

Explains GPU connection, voltage/amp limits, and system indications.

AUXILIARY POWER UNIT (APU)

Describes the optional APU, its ground certification, and operation with generators.

GENERATORS

Details the engine-driven starter/generators, their ratings, and automatic on-line operation.

GENERATOR CONTROL UNITS

Explains the functions of GCUs including voltage regulation and current limiting.

ELECTRICAL CONTROL PANEL

Covers the switch panel layout, dark cockpit integration, and manual override options.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM INDICATORS

Describes the function of switches and indicators on the electrical control panel.

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Details components like fuses, contactors, and circuit breakers.

DISTRIBUTION

Explains the basic DC power distribution and the split bus system.

AC POWER

Mentions AC power is provided by alternators for windshield ice/fog protection.

ABNORMAL MODES OF OPERATION

Covers battery overheat, single and dual generator failures.

CHAPTER 3 LIGHTING

INTRODUCTION

Explains the use of lighting for cockpit, instruments, and cabin illumination.

GENERAL

Divides airplane lighting into interior and exterior categories.

INTERIOR LIGHTING

Details lighting locations for cockpit, cabin, baggage, and maintenance areas.

EXTERIOR LIGHTING

Lists exterior lights including landing, taxi, recognition, navigation, and anticollision lights.

LANDING-TAXI LIGHTS

Describes the dual bulb landing lights and single filament taxi lights.

RECOGNITION LIGHTS

Consists of outboard bulbs of landing light assemblies.

NAVIGATION LIGHTS

Covers wing-tip position lights and tail-mounted position light.

TAIL LOGO LIGHTS (OPTIONAL)

Optional lights installed on the horizontal stabilizer.

ANTICOLLISION LIGHTS (BEACON/STROBE)

Describes dual selectable beacon/strobe units for anticollision.

WING INSPECTION LIGHT

Provides visual detection of ice buildup on wings.

EXTERIOR CONVENIENCE LIGHTS (OPTIONAL)

Optional lights for baggage compartment and refueling areas.

ABNORMAL EXTERIOR LIGHTING CONDITIONS

Discusses effects of single and dual generator failures on exterior lighting.

CHAPTER 4 MASTER WARNING SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

Explains the system's purpose in warning for malfunctions and unsafe conditions.

GENERAL

Describes the components: CWP, CAS, voice messages, and master lights.

MASTER WARNING/CAUTION LIGHTS

Details the switch/indicators, bulb redundancy, and their flashing behavior.

WARNING SYSTEM LIGHTS

Covers system test, bulb change, and dimming function.

CREW WARNING PANEL (CWP)

Located in the center instrument panel, it contains displays and aural systems.

CREW ALERTING SYSTEM (CAS)

Serves as a backup display for warnings and primary for cautions/advisories.

AURAL WARNINGS

Describes audio tones and voice messages, their precedence, and muting.

TAKEOFF CONFIGURATION MONITOR

Provides visual and aural alerts for unsafe takeoff configurations.

ABNORMAL CONDITION INDICATIONS

Details degraded system displays during dual generator failure.

CHAPTER 5 FUEL SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

Covers fuel storage, quantity indicating, transfer, vent, and refueling systems.

GENERAL

Explains the system's role in storage, transfer, and low-pressure distribution.

WING TANKS

Describes the wet-wing design, fuel capacity, collector tanks, and scavenge jet pumps.

FUSELAGE TANK

Details the single bladder-type fuel cell, its capacity, and refueling port.

FUEL QUANTITY INDICATING SYSTEM

Explains the system using capacitance probes and microprocessor for fuel quantity.

FUEL TRANSFER SYSTEM

Covers the engine/fuel control panel, crossflow valve, standby pumps, and fuselage transfer lines.

ENGINE FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM

Details fuel routing from wing tanks, filters, fuel control unit, and manifolds.

MOTIVE-FLOW FUEL AND JET PUMPS

Explains the function of motive flow pumps and jet pumps in fuel transfer.

FILTERS

Describes airframe and engine mounted fuel filters and their bypass capability.

MAIN FUEL SHUTOFF VALVES

Covers firewall shutoff valves, their location, and electrical actuation.

FUEL LOW-PRESSURE SWITCHES

Explains the function and indication of low fuel pressure switches.

RAM-AIR VENT SYSTEM

Describes the system for wing and fuselage tank pressurization and ventilation.

EXPANSION LINES

Connects high points of wing tanks with fuselage tank for pressure equalization.

FUEL SYSTEM DRAIN VALVES

Locates and describes various drain valves.

FUELING/DEFUELING

Covers aircraft servicing, fueling types, and defueling procedures.

Single-Point Pressure Refueling (SPPR)

Details the system for simultaneous wing and fuselage tank filling.

Gravity Refueling

Describes refueling via fuselage filler port.

Defueling

Explains defueling via suction through SPPR nozzle.

CHAPTER 6 AUXILIARY POWER UNIT

INTRODUCTION

Introduces the APU as an electrical and pneumatic source for ground operations.

GENERAL

Describes the APU as a self-contained unit with fire detection and external power/fuel requirements.

AUXILIARY POWER UNIT (APU)

Details the APU's self-contained systems and major sections.

APU Cooling Fans

Explains the fans and vents installed in the aft equipment bay for cooling.

APU SYSTEMS

Lists the main APU systems: Lubricating, Ignition, Electrical, Fuel, Protection, and Fire Detection.

APU OPERATION

Covers APU operation via control panel, ECU, and starting system.

Bleed-Air Operation

Explains pneumatic output control via Bleed Air Valve and PACK switch.

Electrical Load

Describes APU generator operation and its effect on aircraft buses.

Automatic Shutdown and Start Inhibit

Details conditions causing automatic shutdown or preventing APU start.

MAINTENANCE PANEL

Describes controls and indicators for APU maintenance purposes.

OIL SERVICING

Covers periodic oil changes and adding oil.

CHAPTER 7 POWERPLANT

INTRODUCTION

Describes the Learjet 45 powerplant, engine-related sub-systems, controls, and instrumentation.

GENERAL

Details the TFE731 engines, thrust ratings, and thrust reversers.

MAJOR SECTIONS

Divides the engine into seven major sections: Air Inlet, Fan, Compressor, Combustor, Turbine, Exhaust, and Accessory.

ENGINE INSTRUMENTS

Explains the display of engine instruments on the pilot's inboard display unit (DU2).

EICAS Engine Indications

Lists indications appearing in the EICAS engine field and their color coding.

Engine CAS Messages

Details CAS messages related to engine and thrust reverser systems.

Crew Warning Panel (CWP)

Located between DU2 and DU3, displays engine warnings.

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM

Covers engine control modes (computer-on/off) and components.

DIGITAL ELECTRONIC ENGINE CONTROL (DEEC)

Describes the DEEC's function, location, and input/output parameters.

ENGINE FUEL SYSTEM

Explains the system's role in pressurizing, filtering, heating, and delivering fuel to the engine.

ENGINE SUB-SYSTEMS

Covers Ignition, Starter, Engine Synchronization, APR, Vibration Monitor, and EDS.

ENGINE OIL SYSTEM

Details the system for lubrication, cooling, and heating of engine fuel.

THRUST REVERSER SYSTEM

Explains the electrically controlled, hydraulically actuated target-type thrust reversers.

CHAPTER 9 PNEUMATICS

INTRODUCTION

Describes the pneumatic system's role in anti-icing, air conditioning, and pressurization.

GENERAL

Explains LP and HP bleed-air usage for various aircraft systems.

DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

Details the LP and HP bleed-air systems and APU bleed-air.

BLEED-AIR SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Covers bleed switches, ECS controller, PRSOVs, and SOVs.

Emergency Pressurization

Describes the alternate system for cabin pressurization using LP bleed air.

Servo Air System

Explains HP bleed-air usage for actuation power and pressurization jet pump.

Pneumatic System Indications and Displays

Mentions CAS messages and CWP annunciators for alerting the crew.

Pack Control Valve

Controls engine/APU bleed-air supply pressure to the ECU.

CHAPTER 10 ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION

INTRODUCTION

Details equipment designed to detect and prevent ice buildup on critical surfaces.

GENERAL

Emphasizes turning on anti-icing equipment before encountering icing conditions.

ICE DETECTION

Describes the ice detection probe and its automatic deicing cycle.

ANTI-ICE SYSTEMS

Covers engine bleed-air and electrical heating systems for anti-icing.

CHAPTER 11 AIR CONDITIONING

INTRODUCTION

Outlines the system's components for cockpit/cabin distribution, pressurization, and ventilation.

GENERAL

Explains primary heating/cooling via bleed-air mixing and ACM.

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM (TAILCONE COMPONENTS)

Lists major tailcone components: PRSOV, pre-cooler, ECU, and water separator.

DUAL-ZONE TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEM

Describes the system for independent cockpit and cabin temperature control.

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Details air distribution to cockpit and cabin via ducts and diffusers.

BAGGAGE COMPARTMENT HEATING SYSTEM

Provides heat to the baggage compartment to prevent freezing.

ELECTRIC FOOTWARMER HEAT SYSTEM (COCKPIT)

Provides electrical heat to pilot and copilot rudder pedal areas.

CHAPTER 12 PRESSURIZATION

INTRODUCTION

Explains how the system maintains cabin altitude lower than actual airplane altitude.

GENERAL

Describes the pressurized area and the role of the CPCS.

MAJOR COMPONENTS

Lists key components: control panel, controller, indicators, outflow valves, and jet pump.

PRESSURIZATION CONTROL PANEL

Provides crew interface for system operation and monitoring.

CABIN PRESSURE CONTROLLER

Details the dual-channel microprocessor unit controlling pressurization.

INDICATIONS

Covers primary/secondary displays, CAS messages, and protection features.

SYSTEM OPERATION

Explains system test, automatic mode, and manual mode operations.

HIGH ALTITUDE AIRPORT OPERATION

Discusses unique flight profiles for cabin pressure control at high altitude airports.

CHAPTER 13 HYDRAULIC POWER SYSTEMS

INTRODUCTION

Outlines the hydraulic system components and inputs for display.

GENERAL

Describes the engine-driven pumps and auxiliary pump for hydraulic fluid supply.

MAJOR HYDRAULIC SYSTEM COMPONENTS

Details reservoir, shutoff valves, pumps, filter manifolds, accumulators, and landing gear control module.

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM OPERATION

Explains normal operation of the main and auxiliary hydraulic systems.

HYDRAULIC SYSTEM INDICATIONS

Covers normal and abnormal indications on EICAS/MFD and RMU.

SERVICING

Describes servicing via the ground service panel.

CHAPTER 14 LANDING GEAR AND BRAKES

INTRODUCTION

Introduces the electrically controlled, hydraulically actuated landing gear and brake systems.

GENERAL

Describes the landing gear configuration and door operation.

LANDING GEAR

Details the indicating system, main gear, nose gear components, and operation.

BRAKES

Covers the brake-by-wire system, operation, emergency, and parking brakes.

NOSE WHEEL STEERING SYSTEM

Explains the digital nose wheel steering system, components, and operation.

CHAPTER 15 FLIGHT CONTROLS

INTRODUCTION

Covers primary mechanical controls and secondary electrical/hydraulically actuated surfaces.

GENERAL

Describes primary flight control surfaces and their mechanical operation.

PRIMARY FLIGHT CONTROLS

Details elevators, ailerons, and rudder systems.

SECONDARY FLIGHT CONTROLS

Covers horizontal stabilizer, trim systems, flaps, and spoilers.

STALL WARNING SYSTEM

Explains the stall warning system, AOA sensors, and indications.

CHAPTER 16 AVIONICS

INTRODUCTION

Describes the Honeywell Primus 1000 avionics system and its displays.

GENERAL

Covers the "glass cockpit" design, system functions, and components.

DISPLAY GUIDANCE COMPUTER (IC-600 OR IC/SG)

Details the IC-600 computers, their functions, and redundancy.

DATA ACQUISITION UNITS (DAUs)

Explains the dual-channel DAUs for engine and systems data acquisition.

AVIONICS MASTER SWITCHES

Located on the electrical control panel, controls power to avionics busses.

RADIO SYSTEM

Covers VHF communication, navigation, DME, transponder, and RMUs.

AIR DATA SYSTEM

Provides airspeed, altitude, and temperature data via ADCs.

ATTITUDE HEADING REFERENCE SYSTEM (AHRS)

Describes the dual AHRS for attitude and heading information.

ELECTRONIC DISPLAY SYSTEM (EDS)

Provides flight path, navigation, engine, and systems information on display units.

DISPLAY UNIT REVERSION

Explains how to switch display units for redundancy.

Single Display Unit Failure

Describes procedures for handling a single display unit failure.

Multiple Display Unit Failures

Outlines operation with multiple display unit failures.

Comparison Monitor

Alerts pilots to discrepancies between displayed data sources.

Primary Flight Display (PFD)

Displays attitude, heading, navigation, and airspeed data.

Barometric Correction Readout

Allows setting of barometric correction in inches of mercury or HectoPascals.

Airspeed

Details airspeed display formats, trend vectors, and selected speeds.

Vertical Speed

Describes the vertical speed display and its indicators.

FLC (Flight Level Change)

Engages normal or high-speed climb/descent profiles.

VNV (Vertical Navigation)

Allows definition of waypoints with altitudes for vertical navigation.

Holding Patterns

Provides graphic depiction and definition of holding patterns.

Approach Mode

Covers linking FMS approaches to the flight plan for lateral and vertical steering.

Tune

Allows setting of radio frequencies and transponder codes.

Data Base

Contains worldwide or regional navigation data, updated regularly.

WEATHER RADAR

Describes the Primus 660 X-band radar for weather detection and ground mapping.

TCAS (TRAFFIC ALERT AND COLLISION AVOIDANCE SYSTEM)

Details TCAS I and TCAS II operations, controls, and displays.

Altitude Band

Explains the selectable traffic altitude bands for TCAS.

CHAPTER 15 FLIGHT CONTROLS

INTRODUCTION

Covers primary mechanical controls and secondary electrical/hydraulically actuated surfaces.

GENERAL

Describes primary flight control surfaces and their mechanical operation.

PRIMARY FLIGHT CONTROLS

Details elevators, ailerons, and rudder systems.

SECONDARY FLIGHT CONTROLS

Covers horizontal stabilizer, trim systems, flaps, and spoilers.

STALL WARNING SYSTEM

Explains the stall warning system, AOA sensors, and indications.

CHAPTER 17 MISCELLANEOUS SYSTEMS

OXYGEN SYSTEM

Covers system storage, crew distribution, passenger distribution, and components.

Crew Distribution System

Describes the quick-donning mask system for crew oxygen supply.

Passenger Distribution System

Explains the system for providing oxygen to passengers during emergencies.

Oxygen Duration

Provides guidance on planning oxygen requirements.

WALK-AROUND