78
ALS 4.0 XE
PRODUCT MANUAL
EN
Bevel – an edge of a structure that is not perpendicular
to the face of the piece.
Board Foot – Measurement of lumber equal to one
square foot an inch thick or 144 cubic inches. Multiply
width in inches X length in inches X thickness in inches,
divide by 144 for total board feet.
Bow – A warp along the length of a board.
Box Joint – Square shaped nger joints used to join
pieces at right angles.
Butt Joint – A joint where the edges of two boards are
against each other.
Carbide Tipped – Extremely hard steel pieces with
sharp cutting edges fastened to cutting tools such as
saw blades and router bits.
Chamfer – To bevel the corner of a board at a 45° angle.
Combination Square – A square that measures both 90
degree and 45 degree angles.
Common Grade Lumber – Lumber with obvious
defects, used in construction framing.
Cross Cut – A cut which runs across the board
perpendicular to the grain.
Cupping – This is when the edges of a board bend with
the grain away from the center to form a concave shape.
Dovetail Joint – A joint where the ngers are shaped
like a doves tail, used to join pieces at 90 degrees.
Face – When a board has one side that is wider than
the other, the wider side is referred to as the face (as
opposed to the edge). May also refer to the side that is
to be visible in the nished item.
Fence – A straight guide on a tool such as a table saw or
router table to keep the material a set parallel distance
from the blade or cutter.
Finger Joint – Long tapered ngers used to join
material lenghtwise, often used in manufacturing
moulding to join short lengths.
Flush – When two adjoining surfaces are perfectly even
with one another.
Grain – The appearance, size and direction of the
alignment of the bres of the wood.
Hold Down – A type of clamp which holds lumber in
place during a cutting operation.
Infeed – The side of the saw where a board enters.
Jig – A device used to hold work or act as a guide in
manufacturing or assembly.
Joint – The point at which two or more peices of wood
are joined together.
Kerf – The width of a saw cut, determined by the
thickness and set of the blade.
Knot – The portion of a branch or limb that is
embedded in the wood.
Laminate – The product of bonding layers together as
in beams or plywood.
Leading Edge – The edge of the board which enters the
saw rst.
Nominal Size – The rough sawn dimension a nished
piece of material is referred to, for example what is
referred to as a 2 X 4 is actually 1 1/2” X 3 1/2”.
Outfeed – The side of the saw where the board exits.
Pitch – The number of teeth on a saw blade per inch.
Can also be the sticky material in wood that builds up
on the saw blade teeth.
Plumb – A term used to describe something that is
perfectly perpendicular to the earth relative to gravity.
A plumb bob on the end of a string will give you a line
that is plumb or straight up and down.
Plunge – A vertical cut made using the Z-Axis on the
ALS 4.0
Radial Arm Saw – Circular saw that runs on an
overhead track, the track mechanism swings in relation
to the table to make miter cuts.
Rake – The angle at which the leading edge of the teeth
are cut on a saw blade.
Rip Cut – A cut which runs through the length of a
board parallel to the grain.
Robertson Head – A screw head requiring a driver with
a square tip, also referred to as a socket head.
Sweep – A horizontal cut made using the T-Axis on the
ALS 4.0.
Table Saw – A circular saw mounted under a table with
height and angle adjustments for the blade.
Taper Cut – A cut where the width decreases from one
end to the other, these are usually done on a table saw
with a jig.
Trailing Edge – The edge of the board which enters the
saw last.
Warp – To bend or twist to the pull of the grain in the
wood.
Appendix D – Terms Glossary
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