Chapter 1
2 Phoenix 300 Installation & Operation Manual
Updates
Updates for Raven manuals as well as software updates for Raven products are available at the Applied
Technology Division web site:
www.ravenhelp.com
Overview of DGPS Systems
While an in-depth study may be required to fully understand Global Positioning Systems, or GPS, a brief
description can be useful to understand the operation and limitations of these systems.
GPS is a general term used for satellite-based, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) operated and
maintained by various organizations and government agencies around the world. Originally intended for
military purposes, GPS capabilities have been extended to civilian applications and may be used to provide
highly accurate position and navigation information.
A GPS system consists of constellation of satellites above the earth’s surface. Each satellite continually
transmits a coded radio message containing the satellite position and time that the signal is transmitted. A GPS
receiver on the ground then receives signals from several satellites, decodes the messages and calculates a
position in the longitude and longitude coordinate system.
To calculate the position, the receiver uses an equation based upon the following formula:
The equation calculates the time it took for each radio signal to travel from the satellite and reach the GPS
antenna. The rate used in this formula is the known velocity of the radio signals transmitted from each GPS
satellite. Time is determined using a code matching technique within the GPS receiver.
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-Phoenix 300 Installation & Operation Manual
-Manual No. 016-0171-548 Rev. C
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