Appendix A  Technical Description 
Instructions for Use  A - 35 
Doppler 
Measurements 
Range or Formula  Minimum Value  Maximum Value 
Time Averaged Mode 
Velocity; TAMd 
(MnVel
1
+MnVel
2
+…+ 
MnVel
N
)/N 
N=Number of Velocities 
(MdVel
1
-Tol(MdVel
1
)+ 
MdVel
2
-Tol(MdVel
2
)+ …+ 
MdVel
n 
-Tol(MdVel
n
))/N 
(MdVel
1
+Tol(MdVel
1
)+ 
MdVel
2
+Tol(MdVel
2
)+ …+ 
MdVel
n
+Tol(MdVel
n
))/N 
Resistivity Index  (PS-ED)/PS 
(PS-Tol(PS)-ED-
Tol(ED))/(PS+Tol(PS)) 
(PS+Tol(PS)-ED+Tol(ED))/(PS-
Tol(PS)) 
Pulsatility Index  (PS-ED)/TAV 
(PS-Tol(PS)-ED-
(PS+Tol(PS)-ED-Tol(ED))/(TAV-
Slope  
(V1-V2)/T 
(V1-Tol(V1)-V2-
Tol(V2))/(T+Tol(T)) 
(V1+Tol(V1)-V2+ Tol(V2))/(T-
Tol(T)) 
Systolic/Diastolic 
S/D  (PS-Tol(PS))/(ED+Tol(ED))  (PS+Tol(PS))/(ED-Tol(ED)) 
M-Mode Measurements 
M-Mode 
Distance  0 – 24 cm  D-Tol(D)  D+Tol(D) 
Time @  
Slow Sweep 
0 – 11.2 sec  T-Tol(T) @ Slow Sweep  T+Tol(T) @ Slow Sweep 
Time @  
Med Sweep 
0 – 5.6 sec  T-Tol(T) @ Med Sweep  T+Tol(T) @ Med Sweep 
Time @  
Fast Sweep 
0 – 2.8 sec  T-Tol(T) @ Fast Sweep  T+Tol(T) @ Fast Sweep 
Heart Rate  60 – 240 bpm 
N/Time for N beats - N/(Time 
for N beats+Tol(T))  
N = 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 
N/Time for N beats -  
N/(Time for N beats-Tol(T))  
N = 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 
Mixed Mode Measurements 
Mixed-mode 
Measurements 
Range or Formula  Minimum Value  Maximum Value 
Volume Flow by Area 
(TAMn is in cm/s, 
2
(TAMn)(Area)(0.06) 
*l/min 
(TAMn-Tol(TAMn)) 
(Area-Tol(A))(0.06) 
(TAMn+Tol(TAMn)) 
(Area+Tol(A))(0.06) 
Volume Flow by 
Diameter 
(TAMn is in cm/s, 
Area is in cm
2
) 
(TAMn)(πD
2
/4)(0.06) 
*l/min 
Where TAMn is in cm/s 
and the area is in cm
2
 
(TAMn-Tol(TAMn)) 
(π * (D-Tol(D))
2
/4)(0.06) 
Where TAMn is in cm/s and 
the area is in cm
2
 
(TAMn+Tol(TAMn)) 
(π * (D+Tol(D))
2
/4)(0.06) 
Where TAMn is in cm/s and the 
area is in cm
2