Commodore 128D - Basic Functions; What Is a Function; The INTEGER Function (INT)

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Basic Functions
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Guide for a complete memory map of the
computer, which shows you the contents of
all memory locations.
What Is a Function?
A function is a predefined operation of the BASIC language that gen
erally provides you with a single value. When the function provides
the value, it is said to "return" the value. For instance, the SQR
(square root) function is a mathematical function that returns the
root value of a specific number before it is raised to the second
power—i.e., the value returned when multiplied by itself (squared) is
equal to the argument used in the function.
There are two kinds of functions:
Numeric—returns a result which is a single number. Numeric
functions range from calculating mathematical values to speci
fying the numeric value of a memory location.
String—returns a result which is a character.
Following are descriptions of some of the more commonly used
functions. For a complete list of BASIC 7.0 functions see Chapter V,
BASIC 7.0 Encyclopedia.
The INTEGER Function (INT)
What if you want to round off a number to the nearest integer? You'll
need to use INT, the integer function. The INT function takes away
everything after the decimal point. Try typing these examples:
? INT(4.25)
? INT(4.75)
? INT(SQR(50))
If you want to round off to the nearest whole number, then the sec
ond example should return a value of 5. In fact, you should round up
any number with a decimal of 0.5 and above. To do this, you have to
add 0.5 to the number before using the INT function. In this way,
numbers with decimal portions of 0.5 and above will be increased by
1 before being rounded down by the INT function. Try this:
?INT(4.75 + 0.5)i
67 USING C128 MODE—Advanced BASIC Programming