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External
External
External
External light
light
light
light radiation
radiation
radiation
radiation
Improper
Improper
Improper
Improper sensor
sensor
sensor
sensor installation
installation
installation
installation or
or
or
or incorrect
incorrect
incorrect
incorrect contact
contact
contact
contact position
position
position
position of
of
of
of the
the
the
the patient
patient
patient
patient
Sensor
Sensor
Sensor
Sensor temperature
temperature
temperature
temperature (optimal
(optimal
(optimal
(optimal temperature
temperature
temperature
temperature between
between
between
between 28
28
28
28 ℃ and
and
and
and 42
42
42
42 ℃ )
)
)
)
Placement
Placement
Placement
Placement of
of
of
of the
the
the
the sensor
sensor
sensor
sensor on
on
on
on an
an
an
an extremity
extremity
extremity
extremity that
that
that
that has
has
has
has a
a
a
a blood
blood
blood
blood pressure
pressure
pressure
pressure cuff,
cuff,
cuff,
cuff, arterial
arterial
arterial
arterial catheter,
catheter,
catheter,
catheter, or
or
or
or
intravascular
intravascular
intravascular
intravascular line.
line.
line.
line.
Significant
Significant
Significant
Significant concentrations
concentrations
concentrations
concentrations of
of
of
of dysfunctional
dysfunctional
dysfunctional
dysfunctional hemoglobin,
hemoglobin,
hemoglobin,
hemoglobin, such
such
such
such as
as
as
as carboxyhemoglobin
carboxyhemoglobin
carboxyhemoglobin
carboxyhemoglobin and
and
and
and
methemoglobin.
methemoglobin.
methemoglobin.
methemoglobin.
SpO
SpO
SpO
SpO
2
2
2
2
too
too
too
too low
low
low
low
Bad
Bad
Bad
Bad circular
circular
circular
circular injection
injection
injection
injection of
of
of
of the
the
the
the part
part
part
part being
being
being
being measured
measured
measured
measured
Shock,
Shock,
Shock,
Shock, anemia,
anemia,
anemia,
anemia, low
low
low
low temperature
temperature
temperature
temperature and
and
and
and application
application
application
application of
of
of
of vasomotor
vasomotor
vasomotor
vasomotor may
may
may
may all
all
all
all cause
cause
cause
cause the
the
the
the arterial
arterial
arterial
arterial
blood
blood
blood
blood flow
flow
flow
flow to
to
to
to reduce
reduce
reduce
reduce and
and
and
and hence
hence
hence
hence make
make
make
make the
the
the
the measurement
measurement
measurement
measurement impossible.
impossible.
impossible.
impossible.
The
The
The
The absorption
absorption
absorption
absorption of
of
of
of oxyhemoglobin
oxyhemoglobin
oxyhemoglobin
oxyhemoglobin (HbO2)
(HbO2)
(HbO2)
(HbO2) and
and
and
and deoxyhemoglobin
deoxyhemoglobin
deoxyhemoglobin
deoxyhemoglobin to
to
to
to the
the
the
the light
light
light
light of
of
of
of special
special
special
special
wavelength
wavelength
wavelength
wavelength may
may
may
may also
also
also
also affect
affect
affect
affect SpO
SpO
SpO
SpO
2
2
2
2
measurement.
measurement.
measurement.
measurement. If
If
If
If there
there
there
there exist
exist
exist
exist other
other
other
other objects
objects
objects
objects (carbon
(carbon
(carbon
(carbon
hemoglobin,
hemoglobin,
hemoglobin,
hemoglobin, methemoglobin,
methemoglobin,
methemoglobin,
methemoglobin, methylene
methylene
methylene
methylene blue
blue
blue
blue and
and
and
and indigo
indigo
indigo
indigo carmine)
carmine)
carmine)
carmine) absorbing
absorbing
absorbing
absorbing the
the
the
the light
light
light
light of
of
of
of
the
the
the
the same
same
same
same wavelength,
wavelength,
wavelength,
wavelength, they
they
they
they may
may
may
may result
result
result
result in
in
in
in false
false
false
false or
or
or
or low
low
low
low SpO
SpO
SpO
SpO
2
2
2
2
value.
value.
value.
value.
It
It
It
It is
is
is
is recommended
recommended
recommended
recommended to
to
to
to use
use
use
use SpO
SpO
SpO
SpO
2
2
2
2
sensors
sensors
sensors
sensors described
described
described
described in
in
in
in chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter A
A
A
A ccessor
ccessor
ccessor
ccessor ies
ies
ies
ies and
and
and
and Ordering
Ordering
Ordering
Ordering
Information
Information
Information
Information .
.
.
.
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5 SpO
SpO
SpO
SpO
2
2
2
2
Menu
Menu
Menu
Menu
S
S
S
S P
P
P
P O
O
O
O
2
2
2
2
SETUP
SETUP
SETUP
SETUP Menu
Menu
Menu
Menu
Turn the knob to move the cursor onto the SPO
2
hot key in the Parameter area, push the knob to
access the SPO
2
SETUP menu.
Figure
Figure
Figure
Figure 12-5
12-5
12-5
12-5 SPO
SPO
SPO
SPO
2
2
2
2
SETUP
SETUP
SETUP
SETUP m
m
m
m enu
enu
enu
enu
Warning
Warning
Warning
Warning
Setting
Setting
Setting
Setting the
the
the
the SpO
SpO
SpO
SpO
2
2
2
2
upper
upper
upper
upper alarm
alarm
alarm
alarm limit
limit
limit
limit to
to
to
to 100%
100%
100%
100% is
is
is
is equivalent
equivalent
equivalent
equivalent to
to
to
to switching
switching
switching
switching off
off
off
off the
the
the
the alarm
alarm
alarm
alarm on
on
on
on upper
upper
upper
upper
limit.
limit.
limit.
limit. High
High
High
High oxygen
oxygen
oxygen
oxygen levels
levels
levels
levels may
may
may
may predispose
predispose
predispose
predispose a
a
a
a premature
premature
premature
premature infant
infant
infant
infant to
to
to
to retrolental
retrolental
retrolental
retrolental fibroplasia.
fibroplasia.
fibroplasia.
fibroplasia. Therefore,
Therefore,
Therefore,
Therefore,
the
the
the
the upper
upper
upper
upper alarm
alarm
alarm
alarm limit
limit
limit
limit for
for
for
for oxygen
oxygen
oxygen
oxygen saturation
saturation
saturation
saturation must
must
must
must be
be
be
be carefully
carefully
carefully
carefully selected
selected
selected
selected in
in
in
in accordance
accordance
accordance
accordance with
with
with
with
commonly
commonly
commonly
commonly accepted
accepted
accepted
accepted clinical
clinical
clinical
clinical practices.
practices.
practices.
practices.
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