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NXP Semiconductors i.MX8 QM User Manual

NXP Semiconductors i.MX8 QM
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i.MX8 QM / i.MX8 QXP Hardware Developer’s
Guide
NXP Semiconductors Document identifier: IMX8HWDG
User's Guide Rev. 2.4p, 06/2021

Table of Contents

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NXP Semiconductors i.MX8 QM Specifications

General IconGeneral
Memory SupportLPDDR4, DDR4
Max RAM8 GB
PackageFCBGA
CPU ArchitectureARM Cortex-A72, ARM Cortex-A53
Number of Cores8
GPUGC7000UL
Storage InterfaceseMMC 5.1, SD Card, SATA 3.0
Video OutputHDMI, MIPI DSI
ConnectivityEthernet, USB, I2C, SPI, UART
Operating Temperature-40°C to 105°C
SecuritySecure Boot
Camera InterfacesMIPI CSI
Video DecodingH.265, H.264, VP9
Video EncodingH.265, H.264

Summary

Overview

Devices Supported

Lists the i.MX8 QM and i.MX8 QXP processors supported by this guide.

Essential Reference

Guide companion to chip reference manuals and data sheets.

Suggested Reading

Lists additional reading for architecture background and high-speed board design.

Related Documentation

Information on where to find NXP documentation.

Conventions

Explains notational conventions used throughout the document.

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Defines acronyms and abbreviations used in the document.

i.MX8 QM and QXP Design Checklist

Design Checklist Tables

Introduces the tables containing recommendations for optimal design.

i.MX8 Layout/Routing Recommendations

Introduction

Introduces recommendations for layout and routing of i.MX8 QM and QXP.

Basic Design Recommendations

General recommendations for using design tools and creating footprints.

Placing Decoupling Capacitors

Guidelines for placing decoupling capacitors for optimal performance.

Stack-up Recommendations

Recommendations for PCB stack-up design for i.MX8 QM.

Stack-up Recommendation (i.MX8 QM)

Recommends a 12-layer PCB stack-up for i.MX8 QM for power routing.

Stack-up Recommendation (i.MX8 QXP)

Recommends an 8-layer PCB stack-up for i.MX8 QXP for power routing.

DDR Layout Routing Recommendations

Recommendations for DDR layout and routing.

DDR Pin Naming

Explains DDR3L/LPDDR4 connectivity and ball naming.

i.MX8 QM DDR Package Conductor Lengths

Lists trace lengths and delays for i.MX8 QM DDR package.

i.MX8 QXP DDR Package Conductor Lengths

Lists trace lengths and delays for i.MX8 QXP DDR package.

Length Matching Guides

Guides for performing trace length matching for LPDDR4/DDR3L.

LPDDR4-2400/3200 Design Recommendations

Generic guidelines for implementing i.MX8 with LPDDR4.

i.MX8 QM LPDDR4-3200 Routing Recommendations

Routing recommendations for i.MX8 QM LPDDR4-3200.

i.MX8 QXP LPDDR4-2400 Routing Recommendations

Routing recommendations for i.MX8 QXP LPDDR4-2400.

i.MX8 QXP General DDR3L-1866 Routing Recommendations

Generic guidelines for implementing i.MX8 QXP with DDR3L.

DRAM SI Simulation Guide

Guide for performing DRAM SI simulations.

High-Speed Routing Recommendations

General recommendations for routing high-speed signals.

Disclaimers

States design engineer's responsibility and document scope.

Trace Impedance Recommendations

Recommendations for setting trace impedances and widths.

Reset Architecture/Routing

Describes the reset architecture and routing for development purposes.

Clock Crystal Considerations

Guidelines for 24 MHz oscillator tolerance and 32.768 kHz clock options.

Oscillator Tolerance (24 MHz)

Provides 24 MHz oscillator tolerance guidelines for various interfaces.

Clock Options (32.768 kHz)

Discusses using crystals or external clocks for 32.768 kHz input.

Internal Load Capacitor Trimming (24 MHz and 32.768 kHz)

Explains internal load capacitor trimming for crystal oscillators.

Power Connectivity/Routing

Discusses delivering clean and reliable power to i.MX8 internal rails.

i.MX8 QM/QXP Power Distribution Block Diagram

Shows block diagrams of power trees for i.MX8 QM and QXP development platforms.

Power Routing/Distribution Requirements

Outlines steps for designing a good Power Delivery Network (PDN).

VDD_MAIN Routing Guidance (i.MX8 QM)

Guidance on routing the VDD_MAIN power supply for i.MX8 QM.

USB Connectivity

Describes USB connectivity for i.MX8QM/QXP.

USB Routing Recommendations

Recommendations for routing USB signals.

USB VBUS and ID Pin Voltages

Details USB VBUS and ID pin voltage limits.

USB Type-C Considerations

Considerations for implementing USB Type-C connectors.

HDMI/Display Port Connectivity (i.MX8 QM)

Describes HDMI/Display Port connectivity for i.MX8 QM.

Unused Input/Output Terminations

Power saving/design optimization guidance.

i.MX8 QM Unused Input/Output Guidance

Guidance for unused power supply rails and signal contacts for i.MX8 QM.

i.MX8 QXP Unused Input/Output Guidance

Guidance for unused power supply rails for i.MX8 QXP.

i.MX8 QXP Unused Signal Strapping Recommendations

Recommendations for unused signal strapping for i.MX8 QXP.

GPIO Pin Strategies

Discusses strategies for allocating and using GPIO pins.

Allocating GPIOs

Covers allocating GPIOs to software systems and interfaces.

Planning for GPIO Voltage Supplies

Guidance on planning GPIO voltage supplies and grouping them.

Facilitating Debug

Recommendations for facilitating debug, especially for SCU UART.

Thermal Considerations

Introduction

Introduces thermal considerations and design factors for thermal management.

PCB Dimensions

Explains how PCB dimensions impact heat dissipation capability.

Copper Volume

Discusses increasing copper volume for better heat dissipation.

PCB Material Selection

Importance of PCB material selection for thermal properties and CTE.

Thermal Resistance

Strategies for reducing thermal resistance for good thermal performance.

Heat Spreaders

Using heat spreaders with TIM to reduce thermal resistance.

Thermal Vias

Using thermal vias to create low-thermal-impedance paths.

Power Net Design

Strategies for designing power nets to reduce ohmic losses and heat.

Component Placement

Recommendations for component placement to optimize heat transfer.

PCB Surroundings

How PCB surroundings influence heat transfer efficiency.

Air Flow Considerations

Considerations for airflow and air mover placement for convection.

Heat Sink Considerations

Design considerations for adding heatsinks for heat dissipation.

Thermal Simulations

Essential for validating thermal design.

Software Optimization

Reduces need for active cooling.

Thermal Checklist

Summary of thermal design steps.

Avoiding Board Bring-up Problems

Introduction

Introduces techniques for detecting and preventing board issues.

Avoiding Power Pitfalls - Current

Techniques to avoid damage from excessive current during board bring-up.

Avoiding Power Pitfalls - Voltage

Steps to validate supply voltages and avoid incorrect voltage pitfalls.

Checking for Clock Pitfalls

Essential for system function.

Avoiding Reset Pitfalls

Essential for system boot.

Sample Board Bring-up Checklist

Practical checklist for bring-up.

Using BSDL for Board-Level Testing

How BSDL Works

Describes how BSDL files define scan chains for testing connectivity.

Boundary Scan Operation

Details how to enter boundary scan mode using specific pins.

I/O Pin Power Considerations

Discusses I/O power supply activity for boundary scan mode.

Revision History

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