The softwareThe software
The
IBM
-COMPATIBLE PC
Fundamentals are handled here which must be ob-
served when working with
IBM
-compatible com-
puters. You can find further detailed information
in the User’s Manual of your computer and in ap-
propriate literature.
What happens when switching on
The computer contains an
EPROM
(
BIOS
) which con-
tains the elementary functions which must be executed
when the computer is switched on. These functions are:
recognition of keyboard, provision of screen output,
starting of hard disk or diskette drive.
The operating system (
MS-DOS
) is then loaded from the
hard disk or diskette. The computer then becomes a
little intelligent. For example, you can now copy, delete
or print files.
Special programs are additionally required for specific
tasks, e.g. a text editor, a database system or the chro-
matograph control program.
Once the operating system has been loaded, a prompt
appears on the screen, e.g.
C:>
Two files are very important whilst the operating sys-
tem is being loaded: autoexec.bat and config.sys.
The MS-DOS operating system
The operating system is a collection of programs which
control the basic operations of the computer. Examples
of operating system files include:
COMMAND.COM
MS-DOS command processor
CONFIG.SYS
Operating system configuration
ANSI.SYS
System file
APPEND.COM
Defines file path
AUTOEXEC.BAT
Batch file for switching on
CHKDSK.EXE
Checks diskettes
DISKCOPY.EXE
Copies diskettes
EDLIN.EXE
Small editor
FORMAT.COM
Formats diskettes
MODE.EXE
Controls interfaces
PRINT.EXE
Prints in background
XCOPY.EXE
Copies directories/files
The CONFIG.SYS file
This file contains information for the operating system.
You will probably never change this file. It could be the
case, however, that its information is incomplete or in-
correct. It should at least contain:
buffers=30
files=30
device=c:\dos\himem.sys
device=c:\dos\emm386.exe noems
dos=high,umb
country=001,,c:\dos\country.sys
The AUTOEXEC.BAT file
This file contains commands which are automatically
executed as soon as the operating system is loaded. The
following contents are typical, but not binding:
path=c:\;c:\dos
lh keyb us,,c:\dos\keyboard.sys
prompt $p$g
cd \bedi
In this case a path is generated, the American keyboard
driver is loaded, and the prompt of
MS-DOS
emphas-
ized. The directory \bedi is then selected.
You can also enter the name of your user program here
at the end (e.g.
BEDI
). This operating software is then
started automatically when you switch on your com-
puter.
Directories
A directory structure is produced on the control com-
puter. Directories can be compared with files in a
cabinet. The filing cabinet corresponds to the hard
disk c:. A directory can be divided into subdirectories.
C:
\BEDI
\KONFIG
\PCPU-2 \DRIVER1
\DRIVER2
\DRIVER3
\DRIVER4
\METH \CUMOL
\TEST
\4801
\WACHS
\PGCARCH \GC0101
\GC0102
\GC0103
:
\GC0115
\GC0201
\GC0202
:
\GC0215
When and why the chromatograph software generates
the directories in this manner is explained further
below.
The software
6
2SOFTWAR.CHP, Stand Dezember 22, 1999
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