Axiovert 40
B 46-0031 e 11/03 2Ć15
2.4.4 VAREL
VAREL (variable relief contrast) provides a relief-like image of specimens and can be used as an alternative
to phase contrast. VAREL can also be used on curved surfaces, e.g. 96-well microtiter plates, which cannot
be contrasted with phase contrast as the phase rings cannot be superimposed exactly!
• Prepare the microscope as described in Sections
2.4. and 2.4.1.
• Fully open the aperture diaphragm (2Ć18ā/ā1) on
condenser (2Ć18ā/ā2).
• Insert the specimen with the appropriate mountĆ
ing frame in the holding clips (2Ć18ā/ā4) of the atĆ
tachable object traverser M.
• From the right, push the slider Ph, H, Var (2Ć18ā/ā3)
into the slider mount on the 0.4 or 0.55 conĆ
denser up to the VAREL position.
• Swivel in the required VAREL objective.
• Use the adjusting screw (2Ć18ā/ā5) to move the left
or right VAREL diaphragm aperture (after selectĆ
ing the engaging position) until optimum contrast
is achieved (relief-like impression).
NOTE Microtiter plates:
Select the opposite VAREL ring of the
diaphragm for illumination at the
edge of the well; in the middle of the
well, you can use the left or right
VAREL ring.
Fig. 2Ć19 VAREL with microtiter plates
Specimen field with corresponding pupil image of VAREL diaphragm (diaphragm appears rotated
by 180°):
12
3
A
B
NOTE • Shifting the VAREL illumination to outside the pupil corresponds to unilateral darkfield illuĆ
mination.
• Shifting the VAREL illumination between the Ph and VAREL rings of the objective correĆ
sponds to oblique brightfield illumination.
Fig. 2Ć18 Observation with VAREL
1
2
3
4
5