Pilot's Operating Handbook
Section 3
Emergency procedures
EASA Approved
Edition 1 - January 15, 2018
Rev. 0
Page 3.12.21
DR
LOI
Dual GPS/SBAS failure
( or annunciation on HSI) 1/2
Loss of GPS/SBAS navigation data
When both GPS/SBAS receivers are inoperativeor GPS navigationinformationis not
available or invalid, the GARMIN system will enter one of two modes : Dead
Reckoning mode (DR) or Loss Of Integrity mode (LOI). The mode is indicated on the
HSI by an amber DR or LOI.
Which mode is active depends on the distance from the destination airport in the
active flight plan.
If the LOI annunciation is displayed, revert to an alternate means of navigation
appropriate to the route and phase of flight.
InDeadReckoningmode,the MAP–NAVIGATIONMAPwill continueto bedisplayed
with a ghosted airplane icon in the center and an amber ‘DR’ overwriting the icon.
Airplane position will be based upon the last valid GPS position, then estimated by
Dead Reckoning methods. Changes in true airspeed, altitude, or winds aloft can
affect the estimated position substantially. Dead Reckoning is only available in
Enroute mode; Terminal and Approach modes do not support DR. Course deviation
information will be displayed as an amber CDI on both PFDs and will remain for up
to 20 minutes after GPS position data has been lost. The autopilot and/or flight
director may be coupled in GPS mode while the system is in Dead Reckoning mode.
Refer to the GARMIN Pilot's Guide for further information.
Reverttoanalternatemeansofnavigationappropriateto the routeandphase offlight.
If alternate navigation sources (ILS, LOC, VOR, DME, ADF) are available :
1 - Navigation Use alternate sources. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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