Section 1
1.1
INSTALLATION
General
NOTE
The installation carried out in hazardous areas should follow the recommendations of the IEC 60079-14
standard.
The overall accuracy of a flow, level, or pressure measurement depends on several variables. Although
the transmitter has an outstanding performance, proper installation is essential to maximize its
efficiency.
Among all factors, which may affect transmitter accuracy, environmental conditions are the most difficult
to control. There are, however, ways of reducing the effects of temperature, humidity and vibration.
The LD301 has a built-in temperature sensor to compensate for temperature variations. At the factory,
each transmitter is submitted to a temperature cycle, and the characteristics under different
temperatures are recorded in the transmitter memory. At the field, this feature minimizes the
temperature variation effect.
Mounting
Putting the transmitter in areas protected from extreme environmental changes can minimize
temperature fluctuation effects.
In warm environments, the transmitter should be installed to avoid, as much as possible, direct exposure
to the sun. Installation close to lines and vessels subjected to high temperatures should also be avoided.
Use longer sections of impulse piping between tap and transmitter whenever the process fluid is at high
temperatures. Use of sunshades or heat shields to protect the transmitter from external heat sources
should be considered, if necessary.
Proper winterization (freeze protection) should be employed to prevent freezing within the measuring
chamber, since this will result in an inoperative transmitter and could even damage the cell.
Although the transmitter is virtually insensitive to vibration, installation close to pumps, turbines or other
vibrating equipment should be avoided.
The transmitter has been designed to be both rugged and lightweight at the same time. This makes its
mounting easier. The mounting positions are shown in Figure 1.1.
Existing standards for the manifolds have also been considered, and standard designs fits perfectly to
the transmitter flanges.
Should the process fluid contain solids in suspension, install valves or rod-out fittings regularly to clean
out the pipes. The pipes should be internally cleaned by using steam or compressed air, or by draining
the line with the process fluid, before such lines are connected to the transmitter (blow-down).
NOTE
When installing or storing the level transmitter, the diaphragm must be protected to avoid scratching-
denting or perforation of its surface. The process flange of the level transmitters can be rotated 45º.
To do this just loosen the two screws (Figure 1.1) and rotate the flange. Do not take the screws out.
There is a label (Figure 1.1) on the transmitter with these instructions.
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