Photopic negative response protocols
The photopic negative response is the slow negative response that follows the b-wave, and has
been pharmacologically isolated to originate in the retinal ganglion cells (Viswanathan et al.
1999). Changes in the PhNR have been demonstrated, for example, in glaucoma (Viswanathan
et al. 2001, Preiser et al. 2013).
Four photopic negative response protocols are provided. These protocols have a red flash
(1.0 cd·s/m² or 38 Td·s) on a blue background (10 cd/m² or 380 Td) which emphasizes the cone
system’s response. The stimulus frequency is 3.4 Hz, and the uses either 200 (long protocol) or
100 (short protocol) flashes to reduce the measurement noise. The long protocol records for
about 60 seconds; the short protocol records for 30 seconds.
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