OPERATING AND
MAINTENANCE-C.2
Alternative Method
With some engines, a different starter switch is pro-
vided
and the cold
start
aid is operated by means
of
a
separate push button switch.
The
cold
starting
procedure
is the same i.e.
Switch
on by turning the starter switch in a
clockwise
direction
to the first position.
Press the heater button for fifteen
to
twenty seconds
and then,
with
the
heater
button still pressed, turn the
starter
switch
in a
further
clockwise
direction
to engage
the
starter
motor. As
soon
as the engine starts, release
switch
and heater button.
I Glow Plugs
Glow
plugs are sometimes fitted to engines in applica-
tions
such as refrigeration units, fork
lift
trucks
and
other
certain 4.108
mechanically
governed engines
rated at 3,000
rev/min
and below. As the buss bar
connecting
these
glow
plugs may not be insulated,
extreme care must be exercised to keep pipes, clips
or
other
metal
objects
well clear
as
the consequences
of a
direct
short of this buss
bar
to
earth when
energised are obvious.
It must be noted
that
in
no
circumstances
should
either
or
any other unauthorised starting aids be used
at the same time as
glow
plugs.
To operate, use the
following
procedure
:-
Before operating the starter motor, press the
"Heat"
button for
20
to
30
seconds.
I With the
"Heat"
button still pressed, engage the
I starter
motor
until the
engine
starts.
I Continue
to
press the
"Heat"
button
for
a few seconds
I after the engine has started until even running has
: been obtained.
Ilf
the engine does not start, disengage the starter
I motor,
but
keep the
"Heat"
button pressed
for
a
I
further
10
to
15 seconds, when a
further
attempt should
I be made
to
start the engine, keeping the
glow
plugs
I energised whilst starting and for a few seconds after
ithe
engine
has fired until even running is obtained.
Points
to
Note
Ensure
that
the
electrical
connection
to the starting aid
is
correctly
made.
Always ensure
that
the reservoir feeding fuel
to
the
starting aid is fully primed and is not leaking. With
some
later
engines, this fuel
reservoir
has been deleted,
the
cold
start
aid being fed
direct
from the fuel filter
through
a non-return valve.
Extended use
of
the
cold
starting
equipment
above the
time
periods already stated should be avoided, other-
wise the starting aid in the
induction
manifold
may be
damaged also continuous flaming
will
starve the
engine
of oxygen.
In the event
of
difficult
starting,
check
that
fuel is
reaching the starting aid in the
induction
manifold
by
unscrewing
the
inlet
fuel
connection.
If fuel is reaching
it
satisfactorily, then
it
may be that the
starting
aid it-
self
is not
working
correctly. This can be
checked
by
removing the
air
cleaner
and
watching
the starting
aid
whilst
the
equipment
is used. When the
starting
switch
is turned
to
the
"heat"
position,
the
element
should
become red hot, and upon
engagement
of
the
starter
motor
ignition
of
the fuel
should
take
place.
4.108, 4.107 and 4.99 engines are
fitted
with
efficient
starting
equipment
and
no
responsibility
can be
accepted
for
any damage caused
by
unauthorised
start-
ing aids.
To prevent thermostart damage,
it
is
essential
that
the
thermostart is not operated DRY.
After
any
operation
which allows fuel to drain from
the the
thermostart
feed
pipe, the pipe must be
disconnected
at
the
thermostart
and all air bled from the pipe before the
thermostart
is
operated.
Where a
thermostart
starting aid has to be replaced,
care must be taken
not
to
exceed
the
torque
figure
quoted on Page B.2. Excessive
torque
loading
can
crack
the
insulator
adaptor
causing an
electrical
short
and
hard starting characteristics.
Stopping the Engine
A spring
loaded
stop
control
is
located
near
the
normal
engine
controls
and
functions
by
cutting
off
the fuel
at
the fuel
injection
pump.
To
operate, pull the
knob
and
hold
in
mis
position
until
the engine ceases
to
rotate. Ensure
that
the
control
returns to the
"run"
position,
otherwise
difficutly
may
be
experienced
in re-starting the engine.
Return latest
cold
start
switch
to
the
"0"
position.
Some
engines
may have an
electric
solenoid
stop
control on the fuel
injection
pump
operated
by a switch
on the
control
panel.
Running In Procedure
It is not necessary
to
gradually
run-in a
new
or
factory
rebuilt
engine
and any
prolonged
light
load running
during the early life of the
engine
can in
fact
prove
harmful
to
the
bedding in of piston rings and liners.
Full load can be applied
On
a new
or
factory
rebuilt
engine as soon as the
engine
is used,
provided
that
the
engine
is
first
allowed to reach a
temperature
of
at
least
140°F
(60°C).
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
I These preventive
maintenance
periods
are general in
I
application.
Check
the
periods
given by the manu-
I
facturer
of the
equipment
in
which
the engine is
1 installed and,
where
necessary, use the
shorter
periods.
I These
periods
and
procedures
must also be adapted
I
to
ensure
correct
operation
for
any local machine
I regulations.
I It is good
maintenance
to
check
for
leakage and loose
I fasteners at each service interval.
I 1 hese
maintenance
periods
are
only
for
engines that
I are
operated
with fuel and
lubricating
oil to the
I
specifications
given in
this
manual.
I The
schedules
which
follow
must be applied at the
I interval
(miles,
kilometres, hours
or
months)
which
I
occurs
first.
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