SECTION D
Fault Diagnosis
Fault
Possible Cause
Low
cranking
speed
1,
2,
3,
4.
Will not
start
5,
6,
7,
8,
9,
10, 12,
13, 14, 15,
16,
17, 18, 19,
20,
22,
31, 32,
33.
Difficult starting
5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,18,19,20,21,22,24,29,
31,
32, 33.
Lack
of
power
8,9,
10, 11,
12, 13,
14,
18,
19,
20, 21,
22, 23, 24,
25, 26,
27,31,
32, 33.
Misfirjng
8,
9,
10,
12,
13, 14, 16,
18, 19,
20, 25,
26,
28, 29,
30,
'32.
Excessive fuel
consumption
11,
13, 14, 16, 18, 19,
20, 22,
23, 24,
25,
27, 28, 29,
31, 32, 33.
Black
exhaust
11,13,14,16,18,
19,20,22,24,25,27,28,29,31,32,33.
Blue/white
exhaust
4,
16, 18, 19, 20, 25,
27,
31,
33, 34, 35,
45,
56.
Low
oil pressure
4,
'36,
37, 38,
39,
40,
42,
43,
44, 58.
Knocking
9,
14, 16, 18, 19, 22,
26,
28,
29,
31,
33,
35, 36,
45,
46, 59.
Erratic
running
7,
8,
9,
10, 11, 12, 13,
14,
16,
20, 21, 23, 26,
28,
29,
30,
33, 35,
45, 59.
Vibration
13, 14,
20,
23,
25,
26,
29,
30,
33,
45, 47,
48,
49.
High oil pressure
4,
38,
41.
Overheating
11,
13, 14, 16,
18,
19,
24,
25,
45,
50, 51, 52, 53,
54,57.
Excessive crankcase pressure
25,
31, 33, 34,
45, 55, 60.
Poor compression
11,19,25,28,29,31,32,33,34,46,59.
Starts and stops
10, 11, 12.
Key
to Fault Finding Chart
1.
Battery
capacity
low.
31. Worn
cylinder
bores.
2.
Bad
electrical
connections.
32.
Pitted
valves and seats.
3. Faulty starter motor.
33. Broken,
worn
or
sticking
piston ring/so
4.
Incorrect
grade
of
lubricating oil.
34.
Worn valve stems
and
guides.
5.
low
cranking
speed.
'35.
Overfull
air
cleaner
or
use
of
incorrect
grade
of
6. Fuel
tank
empty.
oil.
7.
Faulty stop
control
operation.
36. Worn
or
damaged bearings.
8.
Blocked
fuel feed pipe.
37.
Insufficient
oil
in sump.
9.
Faulty fuel
lift
pump.
38.
Inaccurate
gauge.
10. Choked fuel filter.
39.
Oil
pump
worn.
11. Restriction in air
cleaner
or
induction
system.
40. Pressure relief valve
sticking
open.
12.
Air
in fuel system.
41.
Pressure relief valve
sticking
closed.
13. Faulty fuel
injection
pump.
42.
Broken
relief
valve spring.
14. Faulty atomisers
or
incorrect
type.
43. Faulty
suction
pipe.
15.
Incorrect
use
of
cold
start
equipment.
44.
Choked
oil filter.
16. Faulty
cold
starting equipment.
45. Piston
seizure/pick
up.
17. Broken fuel
injection
pump drive.
46.
Incorrect
piston
height.
18.
Incorrect
fuel pump timing.
47.
Damaged
fan.
19.
Incorrect
valve timing. 48. Faulty
engine
mounting
(Housing).
20.
Poor
compression. 49.
Incorrectly
aligned
flywheel housing,
or
flywheel.
21.
Blocked
fuel tank vent. 50. Faulty thermostat.
22.
Incorrect
type
or
grade
of fuel. 51.
Restriction
in
water
jacket.
23.
Sticking
throttle
or
restricted movement.
52.
Loose
fan belt.
24. Exhaust
pipe
restriction. 53.
Choked
radiator.
25.
Cylinder
head
gasket
leaking.
54. Faulty
water
pump.
26. Overheating.
55.
Choked
breather
pipe.
27. Cold running. 56.
Damaged
valve stem oil deflectors
(if
fitted).
28.
Incorrect
tappet
adjustment. 57.
Coolant
level
too
low.
29.
Sticking
valves.
58.
Blocked
sump
strainer.
30.
Incorrect
high pressure pipes. 59.
Broken
valve
spring.
60.
Defective
exhauster/leaking
vacuum pipe.
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